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تانية بكالوريا · Vocabulary · Unit 2

Leisure, Screen Time, Arts and Sport

أهم كلمات Unit 2 (Leisure Time): وقت الشاشات، الفنون، الرياضة، ورحلة العجل على النيل — بالمعنى والعيلة والأضداد وتدريب زي Consolidation Review A.

تانية بكالوريا English

الدرس ده عن إيه؟

This page collects the key vocabulary of Unit 2: Leisure Time: screen time, the creative arts, sport and physical activity, and the cycling story "Not Exactly a Relaxing Day".

الوحدة دي عن وقت الفراغ (leisure time): بنقضيه إزاي؟ قدام الشاشات، ولا في رسم ومزيكا، ولا في رياضة ومغامرة؟ والكلمات هنا هي اللي بتتكرر في نصوصها وفي مربعات الـ Vocabulary.

كل كلمة معاها معنى إنجليزي بسيط ومعنى بالعربي ومثال. وبعدها عيلة الكلمة (الكتاب نفسه شارحها في الوحدة دي)، والكلمات اللي بتيجي مع بعض، والمرادفات والأضداد، وتدريب بشكل المراجعة.

في الكتاب: Book 1 · Unit 2 (صفحة 39-65). الدروس: 2.1 Screen Time and Young People (Vocabulary صفحة 44)، 2.2 Creative Arts as Leisure Activities (Vocabulary صفحة 50)، 2.3 Sport and Physical Activity as Leisure (فيه شرح Word Families صفحة 56-57)، و2.4 Not Exactly a Relaxing Day (Vocabulary صفحة 61). وبعدها Consolidation Review A (صفحة 66-73) اللي بتسأل في الكلمات دي.

إزاي تذاكر الكلمات دي؟

Do not just memorise a list. Learn each word with its meaning, its form (noun, verb, adjective, adverb), the words that go with it, and its opposite.

  1. اقرا الكلمة والمعنى بالإنجليزي البسيط الأول، وبعدين المعنى بالعربي. الامتحان بيسألك بالإنجليزي، فلازم تفهم الشرح الإنجليزي.
  2. بص على المثال وحاول تقول جملة شبهه من دماغك عن حياتك.
  3. اعرف الكلمة دي اسم ولا فعل ولا صفة. ده بالظبط اللي بيتسأل فيه في «Complete with the correct form».
  4. احفظ مع كل كلمة عكسها ومرادفها. المراجعات في الكتاب بتسأل «antonymous meaning» و«could meaningfully replace».
  5. ارجع للكلمات بعد يوم، وبعد 3 أيام، وبعد أسبوع. التكرار ده أحسن من إنك تقعد ساعتين مرة واحدة.

Lesson 2.1 — Screen Time and Young People

الدرس ده عن تأثير الشاشات على الصحة النفسية، وإزاي نعمل توازن (balance) بين الأونلاين والأوفلاين.

WordSimple English meaningالمعنى بالعربيExample
leisure (n.)free time when you are not working or studyingوقت الفراغHow do you spend your leisure time?
passive (adj.)receiving something without doing much (watching, scrolling)سلبي (بتتفرج بس)Streaming series is passive leisure.
active (adj.)involving action, movement or effortنشيط / فيه مجهودSport is an active form of leisure.
replicate (v.)to copy something exactly or make something similarينسخ / يعمل زيScreens cannot replicate a walk in nature.
interfere (with) (v.)to affect something badly or stop it from working wellيتدخل في / يعطّلLate-night gaming interferes with sleep.
fulfilling (adj.)making you feel happy, satisfied and completeمُرضي / بيحسسك بالرضاPainting is a fulfilling hobby.
mindful (adj.)paying conscious attention to the present momentواعي / منتبهBe mindful of how long you scroll.
boundaries (n.)limits or rules that show what is acceptableحدود / قواعدSet clear boundaries, such as no phones at dinner.
withdraw (v.)to move back or away from people or activitiesينسحب / ينعزلSome heavy gamers withdraw from their friends.
addictive (adj.)causing a strong need to keep doing or using somethingبيعمل إدمانSome apps are designed to be addictive.
anxiety (n.)an uncomfortable feeling of nervousness or worryقلقHeavy social media use is linked to anxiety.
gaming disorder (n.)a health condition where gaming controls a person's lifeاضطراب إدمان الألعابThe WHO recognised gaming disorder in 2019.

Lesson 2.2 — Creative Arts as Leisure Activities

الدرس ده عن فوايد الرسم والمزيكا والكتابة للعقل والمشاعر والشخصية.

WordSimple English meaningالمعنى بالعربيExample
flow (n.)a state of complete absorption in a meaningful taskحالة الاندماج الكامل (تنسى الوقت)When I paint, I enter a state of flow.
absorption (n.)giving all your attention to somethingاستغراق / اندماجFlow means complete absorption in a task.
engagement (n.)being involved or interested in an activityمشاركة / اندماجThirty minutes of creative engagement reduces stress.
cognitive (adj.)related to thinking, understanding and learningمعرفي / عقليMusic improves cognitive skills.
flexibility (n.)the ability to change or adapt easilyمرونةArt builds cognitive flexibility.
authentic (adj.)real and genuine, not false or copiedحقيقي / أصليArt gives teenagers a space for authentic self-expression.
arena (n.)a place or situation where an activity happensساحة / مجالArt is a safe arena for exploring who you are.
rehearsal (n.)a practice session before the real performanceبروفةThe choir had three rehearsals before the concert.
self-expression (n.)showing your feelings and ideasالتعبير عن النفسCalligraphy is a beautiful form of self-expression.
collaboration (n.)working together towards a shared goalتعاون / شغل جماعيA drama production needs collaboration.
embrace (v.)to accept something willinglyيتقبّل / يرحّب بـThe arts teach us to embrace failure.
heritage (n.)traditions and culture passed down from the pastتراثArabesque design connects us to our heritage.

Lesson 2.3 — Sport and Physical Activity as Leisure

الدرس ده عن فوايد الرياضة الجسدية والنفسية والاجتماعية، وليه مراهقين كتير بيبطلوا يلعبوا.

WordSimple English meaningالمعنى بالعربيExample
physical activity (n.)any movement of the body that uses energyنشاط بدنيTeenagers need 60 minutes of physical activity a day.
inactive (adj.)not moving or exercising muchخامل / مش بيتحركMany teenagers are inactive because of screens.
participate (in) (v.)to take part in an activityيشارك فيEveryone can participate in the school match.
competitive (adj.)involving competition, or wanting to winتنافسيYou don't have to play competitive sport to stay fit.
enjoyment (n.)the feeling of enjoying somethingاستمتاعEnjoyment keeps young people in sport.
psychological (adj.)related to the mind and feelingsنفسيTeam sports have psychological benefits.
emotional regulation (n.)the ability to control your feelingsالتحكم في المشاعرSport helps with emotional regulation.
endurance (n.)the ability to keep going for a long timeقدرة على التحمّلRunning builds endurance.
persevere (v.)to continue trying even when it is difficultيثابر / يكمّل رغم الصعوبةSport teaches us to persevere.
access (to) (n.)the chance or right to use somethingإمكانية الوصول لـNot everyone has access to sports facilities.
compulsory (adj.)that must be done because of a ruleإجباريShould PE be compulsory every day?
motivation (n.)the desire to do somethingدافع / حماسSome students lose motivation to exercise.

Lesson 2.4 — Not Exactly a Relaxing Day

دي قصة الراوي اللي صاحبه أقنعه يروح رحلة عجل على النيل. الكلمات بتوصف مشاعره وهي بتتغيّر.

WordSimple English meaningالمعنى بالعربيExample
insist (on / that) (v.)to demand firmly that something happensيصمم / يُصرّMy friend insisted that I join him.
shimmer (v.)to shine with a soft, slightly moving lightيلمع لمعة هاديةThe Nile shimmered in the morning sun.
wear on (phr. v.)to pass slowly (used for time)الوقت يعدّي ببطءAs the morning wore on, the sun grew stronger.
struggle to keep up (phr.)to find it hard to move at the same speed as someoneيتعب علشان يلحقI struggled to keep up with my friend.
pedal stroke (n.)one push of the pedal when cyclingدوسة بدّالI took one more pedal stroke instead of stopping.
keep going (phr. v.)to continue doing somethingيكمّلStep by step, I kept going.
give up (phr. v.)to stop tryingيستسلم / يبطّلI seriously considered giving up.
exhausted (adj.)extremely tiredمُنهَك / هلكانI was exhausted but happy.
effortless (adj.)needing no effort, or looking very easyسهل خالص / من غير مجهودHe made cycling look effortless.
determined (adj.)having a strong will to do somethingمصمّم / عنده عزيمةAt the turning point he felt determined.
sense of achievement (n.)a proud feeling after doing something difficultإحساس بالإنجازFinishing the trip gave me a sense of achievement.
capable (adj.)able to do somethingقادرYou are more capable than you think.
حيلة للحفظ
  • اعمل كارت لكل كلمة: الكلمة على وش، والمعنى والمثال وعكسها على الضهر.
  • قسّم الكلمات زي ما الكتاب مقسمها (درس درس)، لأن كل درس ليه موضوع وده بيسهّل الربط.
  • استخدم 3 كلمات جديدة كل يوم في جملة عن نفسك، حتى لو جملة بسيطة.

عيلة الكلمة (Word Families)

Word families are groups of words that come from the same root but are different parts of speech: noun, verb, adjective and adverb.

الكتاب في درس 2.3 (صفحة 56) بيقول إن الـ word families هي كلمات ليها نفس الجدر (root) بس نوعها مختلف، ومثاله: action / act / active / actively. معرفتها بتخليك تفهم كلمات جديدة بسرعة وتكتب الشكل الصح. دي أهم عيلات الوحدة:

إزاي تعرف تختار الشكل الصح؟ بص على الكلمة اللي قبل الفراغ واللي بعده:

لو الفراغ…يبقى محتاجمثال
بعد a / an / the / my / this أو بعد صفةNoun (اسم)the importance of sleep · a serious problem
بعد الفاعل، أو بعد to، أو بعد can / should / mustVerb (فعل)Teenagers should reduce screen time.
قبل الاسم، أو بعد is / are / become / feel / seemAdjective (صفة)a healthy diet · She feels confident.
بيوصف فعل أو صفة (إزاي؟ قد إيه؟)، وغالبًا آخره -lyAdverb (ظرف)They played competitively. · highly effective
Noun (اسم)Verb (فعل)Adjective (صفة)Adverb (ظرف)المعنى
action / activityact / activateactive / inactiveactivelyنشاط ← نشيط
participation / participantparticipate——مشاركة ← يشارك
competition / competitorcompetecompetitivecompetitivelyمنافسة ← ينافس
enjoymentenjoyenjoyableenjoyablyاستمتاع ← يستمتع
creation / creativitycreatecreativecreativelyإبداع ← يبدع
flexibility—flexibleflexiblyمرونة ← مرن
benefitbenefitbeneficialbeneficiallyفايدة ← مفيد
popularitypopularisepopularpopularlyشعبية ← مشهور
communicationcommunicatecommunicative—تواصل ← يتواصل
addiction / addict—addictive / addictedaddictivelyإدمان ← مُدمن / بيسبب إدمان
expressionexpressexpressiveexpressivelyتعبير ← يعبّر
motivationmotivatemotivated / motivating—دافع ← يحفّز
exhaustionexhaustexhausted / exhausting—إرهاق ← يُرهق
satisfactionsatisfysatisfied / satisfying—رضا ← يرضي
significancesignifysignificantsignificantlyأهمية ← مهم

كلمات بتيجي مع بعض (Collocations)

A collocation is two or more words that are often used together, like take responsibility or raise awareness. Using them makes your English sound natural.

الـ collocation يعني «كلمات متجوزة»: بتمشي مع بعض دايمًا. مثلًا بنقول take responsibility مش do responsibility. لو حفظتهم كده كتلة واحدة، كتابتك هتبقى أقوى وهتعرف تكمّل الفراغات بسرعة.

CollocationالمعنىExample
spend time on screensيقضي وقت على الشاشاتTeenagers spend seven hours a day on screens.
set (clear) boundariesيحط حدود واضحةSet boundaries like no phones before bed.
take a break fromياخد بريك / يبعد شوية عنTake a break from your phone every hour.
find a balance betweenيعمل توازن بينFind a balance between online and offline life.
lose track of timeينسى الوقتIn a state of flow, you lose track of time.
express yourselfيعبّر عن نفسهMusic helps teenagers express themselves.
embrace failureيتقبّل الفشل ويتعلم منهArtists learn to embrace failure.
work towards a shared goalيشتغل علشان هدف مشتركAn orchestra works towards a shared goal.
play an instrumentيعزف على آلةHe learned to play an instrument.
join a club / the choirينضم لنادي / كورالShe joined the school choir.
stay active / keep fitيفضل نشيط / يحافظ على لياقتهWalking helps you stay active.
a sense of achievementإحساس بالإنجازThe race gave her a sense of achievement.
interfere with sleep / studyيعطّل النوم / المذاكرةNotifications interfere with study.
admit defeatيعترف إنه اتغلبHe refused to admit defeat.

Prefixes و Suffixes في الوحدة

A prefix comes at the start of a word and changes its meaning (un- + realistic = unrealistic). A suffix comes at the end and often changes the part of speech (aware + -ness = awareness).

الـ prefix حتة بتتحط في أول الكلمة وبتغيّر معناها (غالبًا بتقلبها للعكس). الـ suffix حتة بتتحط في آخر الكلمة وبتغيّر نوعها (من صفة لاسم، أو من اسم لصفة…). دي أسهل طريقة تعرف بيها نوع الكلمة من غير ما تكون حافظها.

Prefix / Suffixبيعمل إيه؟Examples from the unit
in-عكسactive → inactive
un-عكسexpected → unexpected, even → uneven, willing → unwilling
non-مش / من غيرnon-judgemental, non-stop
self-عن نفسكself-expression, self-esteem
-lessصفة = من غيرeffort → effortless, meaning → meaningless
-fulصفة = مليان بـmeaningful, stressful, successful, mindful
-iveصفةaddictive, creative, competitive, cognitive
-mentاسم من فعلenjoyment, engagement, achievement
-tion / -sionاسم من فعلparticipation, collaboration, competition, expression
-ityاسم من صفةcreativity, flexibility, popularity
-ableصفة = ممكن / يستاهلenjoyable, achievable
-ed / -ing-ed = الإحساس، -ing = الحاجة اللي بتسببهexhausted / exhausting, satisfied / satisfying

مرادفات وأضداد (Synonyms & Antonyms)

A synonym has the same or a similar meaning (fragile = delicate). An antonym has the opposite meaning (mindful ≠ careless).

المراجعات في الكتاب بتسأل سؤالين مشهورين: «The underlined word has an antonymous meaning to…» يعني عكسها إيه، و«Find the word in the text that could meaningfully replace…» يعني مرادفها إيه من القطعة. الجدول ده بيجهزك للاتنين.

WordSynonym (نفس المعنى)Antonym (عكسها)المعنى بالعربي
passiveinactiveactiveسلبي
fulfillingsatisfying / rewardingunsatisfying / emptyمُرضي
authenticgenuine / realfake / copiedحقيقي
replicatecopy / reproduce—ينسخ
interfere withdisturb / disrupthelp / supportيعطّل
withdrawpull back / move awayjoin / engageينسحب
cognitivementalphysicalعقلي
flexibilityadaptabilityrigidityمرونة
engagementinvolvement / participationlack of interestمشاركة / اندماج
rehearsalpracticereal performanceبروفة
exhaustedworn out / very tiredenergetic / full of energyمرهق
effortlesseasydifficult / hardسهل
compulsoryobligatory / requiredoptionalإجباري
perseverekeep going / continuegive up / quitيثابر
embraceaccept / welcomereject / avoidيتقبّل

كلمات بتتلخبط في بعض

  • I felt exhausted. · The trip was exhausting.-ed للإحساس اللي جوا الشخص، و-ing للحاجة اللي عملت الإحساس ده. نفس الفكرة: bored / boring, satisfied / satisfying.
  • He is addicted to gaming. · Gaming can be addictive.addicted = الشخص المدمن، وaddictive = الحاجة اللي بتعمل إدمان.
  • I enjoy painting. · Painting gives me enjoyment. · Painting is enjoyable.enjoy فعل، enjoyment اسم، enjoyable صفة. وخلي بالك: بعد enjoy بييجي -ing.
  • The team played competitively. · The competition was hard.الظرف competitively بيوصف الفعل played، والاسم competition بييجي بعد the.
  • leisure time · pleasureleisure = وقت الفراغ، و pleasure = متعة. الكلمتين شكلهم قريب.
  • I participate in sport. · I take part in sport.الاتنين نفس المعنى. وخلي بالك من حرف الجر in.

الكلمات في فقرة واحدة

اقرا الفقرة دي وطلّع الكلمات الجديدة اللي عليها bold. حاول تفهم كل كلمة من الجملة اللي حواليها (meaning in context).

My leisure time used to be completely passive. I would spend hours on my phone, and the endless videos often interfered with my sleep. Last term, I decided to set boundaries: no screens after ten o'clock. I also joined the school drama club. The rehearsals were long, but the collaboration with my classmates was truly fulfilling, and acting gave me a safe arena for authentic self-expression.

Then my cousin insisted that I try running with him. At first I struggled to keep up, and I was exhausted after ten minutes. However, I kept going and built my endurance week by week. When I finished my first five-kilometre race, I felt a real sense of achievement. I have learned that a balanced life needs both rest and effort, and that I am more capable than I thought.

المعنى ببساطة: الكاتب كان بيقضي وقت فراغه كله على الموبايل، وده كان بيبوّظ نومه. فحط قواعد لنفسه، ودخل نادي تمثيل، وبعدين ابن عمه أصرّ إنه يجري معاه. في الأول تعب جدًا، بس كمّل لحد ما حس بالإنجاز. لاحظ الكلمات اللي بتوصف التحول من passive لـ active.

أشهر الأخطاء (غلط ← صح)
  • I enjoy to paint. ← I enjoy painting. (بعد enjoy دايمًا -ing)
  • The film was very bored. ← The film was very boring.
  • Gaming interferes my sleep. ← Gaming interferes with my sleep.
  • Many students do not participation in sport. ← do not participate in sport. (بعد do not فعل)
  • Sport is compulsive at school. ← Sport is compulsory at school. (compulsory = إجباري)
  • I felt a sense of achieve. ← a sense of achievement. (بعد of اسم)
  • He made it look effortful. ← He made it look effortless. (لو قصدك سهل)
إزاي تجاوب في الامتحان
  • لما تشوف (word) بين قوسين، اسأل نفسك: قبلها إيه؟ a / the ← اسم، to / can ← فعل، is / feel ← صفة، فعل عادي ← ظرف -ly.
  • صفات -ed / -ing بتيجي كتير: الشخص ← -ed (interested)، الحاجة ← -ing (interesting).
  • لو السؤال «Find the word in the text that could meaningfully replace…»: الكلمة اللي في السؤال بتكون شرح للكلمة اللي في القطعة. دوّر في القطعة على كلمة من نفس النوع وفي نفس الفقرة اللي السؤال بيقول عليها.
  • في قصة 2.4 الكلمات بتوصف مشاعر الراوي: confident ← relaxed ← uncertain ← tempted to quit ← determined ← satisfied. ممكن تيجي في سؤال «How did his feelings change?».

إزاي بييجي في الأسئلة؟

الأسئلة في الكتاب والمراجعات (Consolidation Reviews) بتيجي بالأشكال دي. شوف إزاي نحل كل نوع خطوة بخطوة:

النوع 1: Meaning in context

The orchestra held two rehearsals before the concert. What does rehearsal mean in this context? a. a written review b. a practice session before a performance c. a competition d. a public concert

الإجابة: b. «قبل الحفلة» يبقى أكيد تدريب / بروفة. (d) هي الحفلة نفسها مش اللي قبلها.

النوع 2: Complete with the correct form

Creative hobbies improve cognitive ______ and help people adapt to change. (flexible)

الإجابة: flexibility. بعد الصفة cognitive محتاجين اسم. ونحوّل الصفة flexible لاسم بـ -ity.

النوع 3: Find the word in the text that could meaningfully replace…

Text: "Drama gives students a safe space where they can share genuine feelings." Which word from the list could replace genuine? authentic / arena / cognitive / rehearsal

الإجابة: authentic. genuine صفة معناها حقيقي، والصفة الوحيدة اللي بنفس المعنى في القايمة هي authentic. arena و rehearsal أسماء، وcognitive معناها عقلي.

تدريب

حل الأول في كشكول، وبعدين دوس Show answer وشوف الإجابة والسبب.

A. Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d.

  1. 1. When Salma paints, she forgets about time and gives the work all her attention. She is in a state of ______. a. withdrawal b. flow c. fatigue d. anxiety

    Show answer
    b. flow — الاندماج الكامل اللي بيخليك تنسى الوقت.
  2. 2. Rules such as "no phones at the dinner table" are examples of screen-time ______. a. rehearsals b. arenas c. boundaries d. heritage

    Show answer
    c. boundaries — حدود وقواعد.
  3. 3. Some apps use autoplay so that users find it hard to stop. These apps are designed to be ______. a. addictive b. authentic c. cognitive d. compulsory

    Show answer
    a. addictive — بيعملوا إدمان.
  4. 4. "As the afternoon wore on, the heat became unbearable." This means the afternoon ______. a. ended suddenly b. passed slowly c. became cooler d. started

    Show answer
    b — wear on للوقت لما يعدّي ببطء.
  5. 5. Omar did not want to admit defeat, so he ______. a. gave up b. called a taxi c. kept going d. withdrew

    Show answer
    c. kept going — كمّل. الباقي معناهم إنه استسلم.
  6. 6. Many teenagers have no ______ to sports clubs because of cost and location. a. access b. flow c. arena d. endurance

    Show answer
    a. access — إمكانية الوصول. خلي بالك من access to.

B. Complete the sentences using the correct form of the word in brackets.

  1. 7. Young people find sport more ______ when they choose it freely. (enjoy)

    Show answer
    enjoyable — بعد more ومع find + شيء + صفة.
  2. 8. Students who participate ______ in clubs make more friends. (active)

    Show answer
    actively — بيوصف الفعل participate يبقى ظرف.
  3. 9. The ______ of TikTok has changed the way teenagers communicate. (popular)

    Show answer
    popularity — بعد The وقبل of يبقى اسم.
  4. 10. After the long ride, the narrator felt ______ but satisfied. (exhaust)

    Show answer
    exhausted — إحساس الشخص ← -ed.
  5. 11. Online interaction can be ______ if it is used wisely. (benefit)

    Show answer
    beneficial — بعد can be صفة.
  6. 12. Art lessons encourage creative ______ among students. (express)

    Show answer
    expression — بعد الصفة creative اسم.
  7. 13. The coach tries to ______ players who are losing interest. (motivation)

    Show answer
    motivate — بعد tries to فعل في المصدر.

C. Read the text, then find words in the text.

When Hassan started secondary school, he spent most evenings gaming alone in his room, and slowly he began to withdraw from his old friends. His mother did not ban the games. Instead, she helped him agree on clear limits: one hour a day and never before homework. Hassan then signed up for the school football team. The training was tough and he nearly quit in the first week, but he decided to persevere. By the end of the term, he described football as the most satisfying part of his week, and his marks had improved too.

  1. 14. Find a word that means boundaries.

    Show answer
    limits — clear limits = حدود واضحة.
  2. 15. Find a word that means fulfilling.

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    satisfying — الاتنين صفات بمعنى مُرضي.
  3. 16. Find a word that means joined.

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    signed up for — اشترك في.
  4. 17. Find the antonym of give up.

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    persevere — ثابر وكمّل.
  5. 18. Find the antonym of easy.

    Show answer
    tough — صعب.
  6. 19. Find the antonym of join / engage with.

    Show answer
    withdraw (from) — ينسحب ويبعد.

D. Choose the antonym / the correct word.

  1. 20. "Watching series all day is passive leisure." The antonym of passive is: a. inactive b. active c. relaxing d. sedentary

    Show answer
    b. active — الباقي قريبين من passive.
  2. 21. "His friend made the long ride look effortless." The underlined word has an antonymous meaning to: a. easy b. simple c. difficult d. smooth

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    c. difficult — effortless = سهل.
  3. 22. "PE should be compulsory every day." The antonym of compulsory is: a. required b. optional c. obligatory d. necessary

    Show answer
    b. optional — اختياري.
  4. 23. Choose the correct word: The film was so (bored / boring) that I fell asleep.

    Show answer
    boring — الفيلم هو اللي بيسبب الملل ← -ing.
  5. 24. Choose the correct word: Screens cannot (replicate / interfere) the feeling of sitting by the Nile.

    Show answer
    replicate — يعمل زيها بالظبط. interfere محتاجة with ومعناها يعطّل.
ملخص الدرس في سطرين
  • Lesson 2.1: replicate, interfere with, fulfilling, mindful, boundaries, withdraw, addictive, anxiety.
  • Lesson 2.2: engagement, cognitive, flexibility, authentic, arena, rehearsal, flow · Lesson 2.4: insisted, wore on, struggled to keep up, shimmered, pedal stroke, sense of achievement.
  • Word families: participate → participation، compete → competitive → competitively، enjoy → enjoyment → enjoyable، flexible → flexibility.
  • صفات -ed للإحساس و-ing للسبب (exhausted / exhausting). وبعد enjoy / avoid / suggest ← -ing.
  • أضداد مهمة: passive ≠ active · effortless ≠ difficult · compulsory ≠ optional · persevere ≠ give up · authentic ≠ fake.
كل دروس المنهج

Grammar · القواعد

Vocabulary & Language · الكلمات واللغة

Reading · القراية

Listening · الاستماع

Speaking · الكلام

Writing · الكتابة

Literature · الأدب والقصة