تانية بكالوريا · Grammar · Unit 8

The Present Continuous

إزاي نتكلم عن حاجة بتحصل دلوقتي أو مؤقتة أو بتتغير في سوق الشغل بـ am / is / are + verb-ing.

الدرس ده عن إيه؟

We use the present continuous to describe actions happening right now, temporary situations, and current trends. It is useful for discussing how the modern workplace is changing.

الدرس ده عن الزمن اللي بنستخدمه لما نتكلم عن حاجة بتحصل دلوقتي، أو حاجة مؤقتة الفترة دي، أو حاجة بتتغير في العالم حوالينا. في العربي بنقول: «أنا بذاكر دلوقتي»، «هو بيعمل تدريب الصيف ده»، «سوق الشغل بيتغير».

في الكتاب الدرس ده موجود في Book 2 · Unit 8: Pathways to Progress، جزء Grammar Focus: The Present Continuous Tense (صفحة 77-78)، في موضوع التعليم الفني (vocational education) وسوق العمل. وبييجي تاني في Consolidation Review D، وفي الـ Speaking (لازم تقول جملتين على الأقل بالـ present continuous)، وفي الـ blog post بتاع «My Vocational Dream».

الفكرة ببساطة: «بيـ… دلوقتي / الفترة دي»

Form: am / is / are + verb-ing. The verb be changes with the subject, and the main verb always ends in -ing.

الزمن ده مكوّن من حتتين لازم يبقوا مع بعض دايمًا:

am / is / are (فعل مساعد بيتغير حسب الفاعل).
الفعل + ing (الفعل الأساسي).

لو نقصت أي حتة منهم الجملة تبقى غلط. ✗ The students learning. ✗ The students are learn. ✓ The students are learning.

الفاعل	الفعل المساعد	مثال
I	am (I'm)	I am preparing for my interview.
he / she / it / اسم مفرد	is (he's / she's / it's)	Sara is preparing for her job interview.
you / we / they / اسم جمع / اتنين بـ and	are (you're / we're / they're)	Ahmed and Ali are attending a training course.

القواعد والأشكال

الشكل	التركيب	مثال	الشرح بالعربي
Affirmative (إثبات)	subject + am/is/are + verb-ing	Employers are looking for candidates with strong soft skills.	أصحاب الشغل بيدوروا على ناس عندها مهارات شخصية قوية.
Negative (نفي)	subject + am/is/are + not + verb-ing	Our teachers aren't teaching through lectures only.	المدرسين مش بيشرحوا بالمحاضرات بس. (isn't / aren't / I'm not)
Yes/No question	Am/Is/Are + subject + verb-ing?	Are you developing your communication skills this term?	إنت بتطوّر مهارات التواصل بتاعتك الترم ده؟
Wh- question	Wh- + am/is/are + subject + verb-ing?	What are the students learning this week?	الطلبة بيتعلموا إيه الأسبوع ده؟
Short answers	Yes, I am. / No, she isn't.	Is Omar working today? — Yes, he is.	الإجابة القصيرة من غير -ing.

خلي بالك

في الإجابة القصيرة بالإثبات مانختصرش: ✓ Yes, he is. ✗ Yes, he's.

إزاي نكتب الفعل + ing؟ (قواعد الإملاء)

Most verbs just add -ing. Some verbs change their spelling first.

القاعدة	مثال	الشرح
معظم الأفعال: نزود ing	work ← working, learn ← learning, train ← training	سهلة: زوّد ing وخلاص.
فعل آخره e ساكنة	make ← making, prepare ← preparing, use ← using	نشيل الـ e ونزود ing.
فعل قصير: حرف ساكن + حرف متحرك واحد + حرف ساكن	run ← running, plan ← planning, get ← getting	نكرر آخر حرف.
فعل آخره ie	lie ← lying, die ← dying	ie تبقى y.
آخره y	study ← studying, apply ← applying	الـ y تفضل زي ما هي.

خلي بالك: الأفعال الطويلة اللي الضغط مش على آخرها مابنكررش آخر حرف: develop ← developing، visit ← visiting، open ← opening. (وفي الإنجليزي البريطاني بنكتب travel ← travelling.)

إمتى نستخدمه؟ (4 استخدامات)

1. Actions happening now. 2. Temporary situations. 3. Current trends and changes. 4. Fixed future plans (arrangements).

الكتاب بيركز على أول 3 استخدامات. والرابع مهم جدًا وهتقابله كتير:

الاستخدام	معناه بالعربي	كلمات بتيجي معاه	مثال
1. Right now	بيحصل وإنت بتتكلم	now, right now, at the moment, Look!, Listen!	The manager is explaining the task now.
2. Temporary	مؤقت، الفترة دي بس	currently, this term, this week, this summer, these days	She is currently completing an internship at a local company.
3. Current trends	حاجة بتتغير أو بتزيد أو بتقل	nowadays, increasingly, more and more, these days	The job market is changing faster than ever before.
4. Future arrangements	حاجة متفق عليها ومترتبة	tomorrow, next week, on Monday	I'm starting my training course next Sunday.

Look! The trainees are repairing the solar panels on the roof.Look! معناها إن الحاجة بتحصل قدامنا دلوقتي.
Many young Egyptians are choosing technical schools these days.trend: شباب مصريين كتير بيختاروا المدارس الفنية الأيام دي.
This term, our school is offering several new career-based activities.مؤقت: الترم ده بس.
Mona is working at a car factory this summer, but she usually studies in Cairo.شغل مؤقت الصيف ده (is working)، وعادة دايمة (studies).
Technology is creating new jobs that did not exist ten years ago.trend: التكنولوجيا بتخلق وظايف جديدة.
Employers are increasingly asking for teamwork and adaptability.increasingly = «بشكل متزايد»: كلمة مثالية مع الـ trends.
Some students aren't attending the workshop today because they have an exam.نفي: aren't + attending.
Are you developing any new skills at the moment?سؤال: Are + you + developing.
We are meeting the factory manager on Thursday.ترتيب للمستقبل: اتفقنا خلاص على المعاد.
The demand for electricians is growing in new cities like New Capital.trend: الطلب على الكهربائية بيزيد.

Present Continuous ولا Present Simple؟

The present simple is for habits, routines, facts and permanent situations. The present continuous is for now, temporary situations and changes.

ده أهم فرق في الدرس، وهتلاقيه في الامتحان كتير:

Present Simple	Present Continuous
عادة متكررة: I train every Saturday.	دلوقتي: I'm training right now.
حاجة دايمة: My father works as a mechanic.	مؤقت: My father is working in Aswan this month.
حقيقة: Electricians need good safety skills.	تغيير: The job market is changing.
كلمات: always, usually, often, every day, sometimes, never	كلمات: now, at the moment, currently, this week, these days, increasingly

Hany repairs cars for a living. Today he is repairing a bus.شغله الدايم تصليح عربيات (repairs)، النهارده بالذات بيصلّح أتوبيس (is repairing).
Engineers usually work in offices, but these engineers are working on site this week.usually ← simple، this week ← continuous.

أفعال مابتجيش في الـ Continuous (Stative Verbs)

Some verbs describe states, not actions: feelings, thoughts and possession. We do not usually use them in the continuous form.

فيه أفعال بتعبّر عن حالة أو إحساس أو رأي أو ملكية، مش «حركة» بتحصل. الأفعال دي عادة مابناخدش معاها -ing حتى لو بنتكلم عن دلوقتي:

النوع	الأفعال	مثال صح
تفكير ورأي	know, believe, understand, think (= رأي), remember, mean	I know the answer now. ✗ I am knowing
إحساس	like, love, hate, prefer, want, need	She wants to be a nurse. ✗ She is wanting
ملكية	have (= يملك), own, belong	He has a small workshop. ✗ He is having a workshop
حواس وشكل	seem, look like, sound, smell, taste	This job seems interesting.

بعض الأفعال ليها معنيين، فممكن تيجي في الاتنين:

I think vocational education is important.think = رأيي (حالة) ← simple.
I am thinking about my future career.think = بفكر (عملية في دماغي دلوقتي) ← continuous.
Omar has two brothers.has = عنده (ملكية) ← simple.
Omar is having lunch with his team.having lunch = بياكل (فعل) ← continuous تمام.

إزاي نستخدمه في الكلام والكتابة

In presentations, blog posts and reports about careers, the present continuous helps you describe what is happening in the job market now and what you are doing to prepare.

في الـ Speaking والـ blog post الكتاب بيطلب منك جملتين على الأقل بالـ present continuous. أسهل طريقة إنك تتكلم عن trends في سوق الشغل وعن اللي إنت بتعمله دلوقتي علشان تجهز نفسك. شوف المثال ده:

Egypt is building new cities, factories and solar farms, so the country is looking for skilled technicians more than ever. Because of this, I am studying renewable energy at a technical school. This term, my classmates and I are installing small solar panels at our school, and we are learning how to solve real problems as a team.

لاحظ: is building / is looking = trends في البلد. am studying = حاجة مؤقتة الفترة دي. are installing / are learning = الترم ده (this term).

أشهر الأخطاء (غلط ← صح)

✗ The students is learning new skills. ← ✓ The students are learning … (جمع = are)
✗ The students are learn new skills. ← ✓ The students are learning … (لازم ing)
✗ Sara preparing for her interview. ← ✓ Sara is preparing … (لازم is)
✗ Ahmed and Ali is attending a course. ← ✓ Ahmed and Ali are attending … (اتنين = are)
✗ I am knowing the answer. ← ✓ I know the answer. (know حالة)
✗ She is makeing a cake. ← ✓ She is making … (نشيل الـ e)
✗ Many schools are developing now stronger links this year. ← ✓ Many schools are developing stronger links this year.
✗ Is the students preparing? ← ✓ Are the students preparing?

إزاي تجاوب بسرعة في الامتحان

دوّر على الفاعل: مفرد ← is، جمع أو اتنين بـ and ← are، I ← am.
استبعد أي اختيار ناقص: من غير am/is/are أو من غير ing.
فيه now / at the moment / currently / this term / these days / increasingly؟ غالبًا present continuous.
فيه every day / usually / always؟ غالبًا present simple.
الفعل حالة (know, want, need, like, believe)؟ استبعد -ing.

إزاي بييجي في الأسئلة؟

الأسئلة في الكتاب والمراجعات بتيجي بالأشكال دي. هنحل مثال لكل شكل:

1) Which sentence is grammatically correct?

a. The trainer are showing us the new machine.

b. The trainer is show us the new machine.

c. The trainer is showing us the new machine.

d. The trainer showing us the new machine.

الإجابة: c. ليه؟ The trainer مفرد ← is، والفعل لازم -ing. (a) are مع مفرد، (b) ناقصها ing، (d) ناقصها is.

2) Choose the correct answer.

More and more young people ______ technical careers these days.

a. chose now b. chooses c. is chosen d. are choosing

الإجابة: d. ليه؟ these days / more and more = trend، وpeople جمع ← are choosing.

3) Complete with the correct present continuous form of the verb in brackets.

At the moment, Mostafa ______ (train) to become a professional chef.

الإجابة: is training. ليه؟ At the moment + فاعل مفرد ← is + training.

تدريب

A. Complete the text with the correct present continuous form of the verb in brackets.

This year, our technical school (1) ______ (run) a new programme with a local car company. At the moment, a group of students (2) ______ (visit) the factory, where they (3) ______ (learn) to use modern machines. My friend Kareem (4) ______ (not / study) theory only. He (5) ______ (practise) real tasks with the engineers. (6) ______ you ______ (think) of joining the programme next year?

1. our technical school ______ (run)
Show answer
is running — school مفرد، وrun بنكرر الـ n.
2. a group of students ______ (visit)
Show answer
is visiting — At the moment = دلوقتي، وa group مفرد ← is. (في الإنجليزي البريطاني are visiting مقبولة كمان لأن الـ group ناس كتير.)
3. they ______ (learn)
Show answer
are learning — they ← are.
4. Kareem ______ (not / study)
Show answer
isn't studying / is not studying — نفي، والـ y تفضل.
5. He ______ (practise)
Show answer
is practising — نشيل الـ e. (بالبريطاني practise فعل بـ s.)
6. ______ you ______ (think)
Show answer
Are you thinking — سؤال: Are + you + thinking (think = بتفكر في قرار، فعل مش رأي).

B. Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d.

7. Employers ______ for graduates with strong problem-solving skills. a. is looking b. are looking c. are look d. looking
Show answer
b. are looking — Employers جمع + ing.
8. The demand for skilled technicians ______ every year. a. is increasing b. are increasing c. increasing d. is increase
Show answer
a. is increasing — The demand مفرد (مش technicians)، وtrend بيزيد.
9. Listen! The instructor ______ the safety rules. a. explains b. is explaining c. explain d. are explaining
Show answer
b. is explaining — Listen! = دلوقتي، والفاعل مفرد.
10. Rana ______ her internship next Monday. a. starting b. is starting c. are starting d. start
Show answer
b. is starting — ترتيب للمستقبل متفق عليه.
11. I ______ what you mean about soft skills. a. am understanding b. understanding c. understand d. am understand
Show answer
c. understand — understand فعل حالة (state)، مابياخدش ing.
12. My uncle usually ______ in a hotel, but this month he ______ on a cruise ship. a. works / works b. is working / works c. works / is working d. working / is working
Show answer
c. works / is working — usually ← عادة دايمة (simple). this month ← مؤقت (continuous).

C. Only one sentence in each group is grammatically correct. Choose the correct answer.

13. a. The students is building a small robot. b. The students are building a small robot. c. The students are build a small robot. d. The students building a small robot.
Show answer
b — جمع ← are + building.
14. a. Is the engineers testing the new system? b. Are the engineers test the new system? c. Are the engineers testing the new system? d. The engineers testing the new system?
Show answer
c — سؤال: Are + فاعل جمع + testing.
15. a. Nada isn't working today because she is ill. b. Nada not working today because she is ill. c. Nada isn't work today because she is ill. d. Nada aren't working today because she is ill.
Show answer
a — نفي: isn't + working.
16. a. We are planing a visit to a solar energy farm. b. We are planning a visit to a solar energy farm. c. We is planning a visit to a solar energy farm. d. We planning a visit to a solar energy farm.
Show answer
b — plan ← planning (نكرر الـ n)، وwe ← are.

D. Present simple or present continuous? Put the verb in brackets in the correct form.

17. Nowadays, more and more young people ______ (choose) careers in technology.
Show answer
are choosing — Nowadays + more and more = trend.
18. Adel ______ (teach) electronics at our school. He has taught there for ten years.
Show answer
teaches — شغله الدايم (حقيقة)، مش مؤقت.
19. Be quiet, please. The trainees ______ (take) a practical test.
Show answer
are taking — بيحصل دلوقتي (Be quiet).
20. Carpenters ______ (need) patience and careful hands.
Show answer
need — حقيقة عامة + need فعل حالة.

E. Find the mistake and correct it. Then write as asked.

21. Find and correct the mistake: The trainees practising the new skills now.
Show answer
practising ← are practising: The trainees are practising the new skills now. — كان ناقصها are (trainees جمع).
22. Find and correct the mistake: I am wanting to become a nurse because I like helping people.
Show answer
am wanting ← want: I want to become a nurse … — want فعل حالة.
23. Make the sentence negative: Our school is offering cooking workshops this term.
Show answer
Our school isn't offering / is not offering cooking workshops this term.
24. Make a question about the words in bold: Hoda is learning graphic design.
Show answer
What is Hoda learning? — Wh- + is + فاعل + learning.
25. Write TWO sentences about how the job market in Egypt is changing. Use the present continuous.
Show answer
مثال: Egypt is investing in renewable energy, so companies are looking for more solar technicians. At the same time, many factories are using smart machines, so workers are learning digital skills. — trends بكلمات زي so / at the same time.

ملخص الدرس في سطرين

التركيب: am / is / are + verb-ing، ولازم الحتتين مع بعض.
I ← am، مفرد ← is، جمع أو اتنين بـ and ← are.
بنستخدمه لـ: دلوقتي / مؤقت (this term, currently) / trends (nowadays, increasingly) / مواعيد متفق عليها.
العادة والحقيقة الدايمة ← present simple مش continuous.
أفعال الحالة (know, want, need, like, believe, understand) مابتاخدش -ing عادة.

كل دروس المنهج

Grammar · القواعد

Vocabulary & Language · الكلمات واللغة

Reading · القراية

Listening · الاستماع

Speaking · الكلام

Writing · الكتابة

Literature · الأدب والقصة