تانية بكالوريا · Vocabulary · Unit 9

Belonging and Inclusion

أهم كلمات Unit 9 (Circles of Belonging) عن الانتماء والعلاقات والدمج والمجتمع، بالمعنى الإنجليزي والعربي وأمثلة وتدريبات زي Review E.

تانية بكالوريا English

الدرس ده عن إيه؟

This page collects the key vocabulary of Unit 9: Circles of Belonging. Each word has a simple English meaning, the Arabic meaning and a short example. Then you will practise word families, collocations, prefixes and suffixes, synonyms and antonyms.

الصفحة دي فيها أهم كلمات Unit 9: Circles of Belonging، متقسمة حسب دروس الوحدة. الوحدة بتتكلم عن الإحساس بالانتماء (belonging): إنك تحس إن الناس شايفاك ومقدّراك، وعن العلاقات اللي بتخليك تكبر (growth relationships)، والدمج (inclusion) علشان محدش يحس إنه متساب لوحده، وإزاي المجتمع (community) بيتحرك يساعد ناسه.

الكلمات دي متاخدة من نصوص الوحدة وجداول الـ Vocabulary وMedia Analysis: Key Concepts في الكتاب: 9.1 Finding My Place (قصة طالبة جديدة)، 9.2 Relationships That Help Us Grow (The People Who Shape Us)، 9.3 No One Left Behind (الـ Buddy Bench)، 9.4 Community That Cares (ثريد CommunityCaresEG)، وكمان Consolidation Review E.

إزاي تذاكر الكلمات صح؟

Do not learn a word alone. Learn its meaning in context, its family (noun, verb, adjective, adverb) and the words that usually go with it (collocations).

أسئلة الكتاب والمراجعات مش بتسألك «ترجم الكلمة» وخلاص. بتحطلك الكلمة جوه جملة وتسألك معناها في السياق ده (What does … mean in this context?)، أو تطلب منك تغيّر شكل الكلمة (noun / adjective / adverb)، أو تطلع مرادف أو عكس من قطعة. علشان كده ذاكر كل كلمة بالطريقة دي:

اقرا المثال الأول وافهم الكلمة من الجملة قبل ما تبص على الترجمة.
احفظ المعنى الإنجليزي البسيط، لأن الاختيارات في الـ MCQ بتيجي تعريفات بالإنجليزي.
اعرف عيلة الكلمة: الاسم والفعل والصفة والظرف.
اعرف الكلمة بتيجي مع إيه (collocation) زي feel left out مش feel left.
اكتب جملة بنفسك عن موضوع الوحدة بكل كلمة جديدة. الكتاب بيطلب كده في Practice: Write FOUR sentences using words from the text.

كلمات 9.1: Finding My Place

طالبة اتنقلت من إسكندرية لمدينة جديدة في نص الترم، وكانت بتاكل لوحدها أسبوعين، لحد ما زميلة ساعدتها في الجنينة وبدأت تحس بالانتماء.

Word / phrase	Meaning / use
belonging	الانتماء · the feeling of being accepted and valued as part of a group · مثال: Belonging is built through small moments.
basic human need	احتياج إنساني أساسي · something every person needs, like food and safety · مثال: Psychologists call belonging a basic human need.
luxury	رفاهية · something special that is nice but not necessary · مثال: Belonging is a need, not a luxury.
unseen	مش ملحوظ / محدش شايفه · not noticed by others · مثال: A student who feels unseen stops raising their hand.
withdraw	ينسحب / يبعد · to stop taking part or pull back · مثال: Lonely students often withdraw from activities.
afterthought	حاجة جت على البال بعدين · something you think about and add later · مثال: She asked about my old school as an afterthought.
crack open a door	يفتح باب (فرصة) · to make something possible to happen · مثال: One conversation cracked open a door.
assignment	واجب / تكليف · work that a teacher asks students to do · مثال: She helped me with a biology assignment.
stranger	غريب · a person you do not know · مثال: I felt like a stranger in my own country.
setback	انتكاسة / عقبة · a problem that stops progress for a time · مثال: People who belong recover faster from setbacks.
fit in	يندمج / يتأقلم مع المجموعة · to be accepted by a group · مثال: Belonging is not about fitting in perfectly.
connection	علاقة / صلة · a relationship between people · مثال: Even one connection can say "You are seen here."

كلمات 9.2: Relationships That Help Us Grow

التسجيل بيشرح الـ growth relationship: علاقة مش بس بتونسك، لا دي بتخليك أقدر وأثقف وأقوى.

Word / phrase	Meaning / use
growth relationship	علاقة بتنمّيك · a relationship that helps a person become more capable and confident · مثال: A good teacher can build a growth relationship.
transformative	بيغيّر بشكل كبير (للأحسن) · causing a major positive change · مثال: Peer support can be transformative.
mentor	مرشد / موجّه · an experienced person who guides someone less experienced · مثال: My mentor reviewed my essay.
peer	زميل في نفس السن · a person of the same age or social status · مثال: Peers can help as much as adults.
encouragement	تشجيع · support that helps someone succeed · مثال: Her encouragement gave me confidence.
consistency	الثبات / الانتظام · behaving in the same reliable way over time · مثال: Consistency is more powerful than one kind comment.
resilient	قوي / بيقوم بسرعة بعد الصعوبات · able to recover quickly from difficulties · مثال: Honest feedback made her more resilient.
empty praise	مدح فاضي (من غير معنى) · praise that is not honest or useful · مثال: A good mentor avoids empty praise.
allow for failure	يسمح بالغلط · to let someone make mistakes and learn · مثال: Good mentors allow for failure.
capable	قادر / كفء · able to do things well · مثال: Support helps people feel more capable.

كلمات 9.3: No One Left Behind

النص عن الـ Buddy Bench: دكة في ملعب مدرسة في القاهرة، اللي يقعد عليها يبقى معناه «عايز حد يلعب معايا».

Word / phrase	Meaning / use
social inclusion	الدمج الاجتماعي · making sure everyone feels noticed, valued and welcome · مثال: Social inclusion starts with small actions.
exclusion	الاستبعاد / العزل · the state of being left out · مثال: Quiet exclusion is hard to notice.
left out	متساب لوحده / مستبعد · not included in a group or activity · مثال: No child should feel left out.
invisible	مش مرئي (محدش واخد باله منه) · not seen or noticed, even when present · مثال: A lonely student can feel invisible.
overlook	يتجاهل / ما ياخدش باله · to fail to notice something or someone · مثال: Loneliness is easy to overlook.
courage	شجاعة · the ability to do something difficult or frightening · مثال: Inclusion should need no courage.
structured	منظم (ليه نظام) · carefully organised with a clear plan · مثال: Some students need structured support.
low-pressure	من غير ضغط · not causing stress or a feeling of being forced · مثال: The bench is a low-pressure signal.
initiative	مبادرة · a new plan or action to solve a problem · مثال: The Buddy Bench is a simple initiative.
isolation	عزلة · being alone and separated from others · مثال: Playground isolation dropped in one term.
loneliness	الوحدة · the sad feeling of being alone · مثال: The bench fights the quiet loneliness of children.
supplement	يكمّل / يدعم · to add to something to make it better · مثال: Small ideas supplement professional counselling.

كلمات 9.4: Community That Cares

ثريد عن 3 أصحاب بدأوا يجمعوا تبرعات من جيرانهم، وبقوا شبكة من 200 متطوع في 4 محافظات ساعدوا أهالي المنيا بعد الأمطار.

Word / phrase	Meaning / use
civic engagement	المشاركة المجتمعية · actions people take to improve their community · مثال: Volunteering is a form of civic engagement.
grassroots initiative	مبادرة شعبية (من الناس نفسها) · an effort organised by ordinary people, not official institutions · مثال: It began as a small grassroots initiative.
mutual aid	المساعدة المتبادلة · community members supporting each other directly · مثال: Mutual aid reached 40 households.
mobilise	يحشد / يجمّع الناس بسرعة · to organise people quickly for a shared purpose · مثال: Social media helps people mobilise support. (الكتاب بيكتبها mobilize)
urgent	عاجل · needing immediate action · مثال: Families had an urgent need for blankets.
respond (to)	يستجيب لـ / يرد · to react to a situation, often with help · مثال: Volunteers responded quickly to the crisis.
dramatically	بشكل كبير جدًا · in a way that involves a big, noticeable change · مثال: Community connection has changed dramatically.
connected	مترابط · having strong social links with others · مثال: People feel more connected than before.
correct (verb)	يصحّح · to fix a mistake · مثال: Two networks had to correct false addresses.
official channels	الجهات الرسمية · government offices and registered organisations · مثال: Help used to come only through official channels.
word of mouth	الكلام من شخص لشخص · information passed on by people talking · مثال: Everything was organised by word of mouth.

عيلة الكلمة (Word Families)

Many questions ask for the correct form of the word in brackets. Learn the noun, verb, adjective and adverb together.

الجدول ده فيه أشهر عيلات الكلمات في الوحدة. خلي بالك من الزوج include / exclude لأنهم عكس بعض:

Verb	Noun	Adjective	Adverb	المعنى
belong (to)	belonging	—	—	ينتمي / انتماء
include	inclusion	inclusive	inclusively	يضم / دمج
exclude	exclusion	excluded	—	يستبعد / استبعاد
isolate	isolation	isolated	—	يعزل / عزلة
transform	transformation	transformative	—	يغيّر / تحوّل
encourage	encouragement	encouraging	encouragingly	يشجّع / تشجيع
—	resilience	resilient	resiliently	قدرة على التحمل
—	courage	courageous	courageously	شجاعة / شجاع
—	loneliness	lonely	—	وحدة / وحيد
respond	response	responsive	—	يستجيب / استجابة
—	urgency	urgent	urgently	استعجال / عاجل
connect	connection	connected	—	يربط / صلة
rely (on)	reliability	reliable	reliably	يعتمد على / موثوق
support	support / supporter	supportive	supportively	يدعم / دعم
—	visibility	visible / invisible	visibly / invisibly	وضوح / مرئي

إزاي أعرف محتاج أنهي شكل من الكلمة؟

Look at the word before and after the gap. The position tells you if you need a noun, a verb, an adjective or an adverb.

في سؤال Complete the sentences using the correct form of the word in brackets بص على مكان الفراغ:

قبل الفراغ / بعده	محتاج إيه؟	مثال
a / an / the / my / effective + ___	اسم (noun) وغالبًا بيكون بعد صفة	effective conservation
___ + اسم	صفة (adjective)	measurable results
فاعل + ___ (والجملة ناقصها فعل)	فعل (verb) في الزمن الصح	Volunteers conserve water.
فعل + ___ أو ___ + صفة	ظرف (adverb) وغالبًا آخره -ly	grow rapidly / highly skilled
is / are / become / feel + ___	صفة في الغالب	The plan is sustainable.
preposition (of / for / in / about) + ___	اسم أو -ing	the need for cooperation

كلمات بتيجي مع بعض (Collocations)

A collocation is a group of words that native speakers usually use together. Using them makes your writing sound natural.

الـ collocation يعني كلمتين «متجوزين»: لازم تستخدمهم مع بعض. احفظهم كده:

Collocation	المعنى	مثال
feel a sense of belonging	يحس بالانتماء	Clubs help students feel a sense of belonging.
feel left out	يحس إنه متساب	New students often feel left out.
make someone feel welcome	يخلّي حد يحس إنه مرحّب بيه	A smile can make someone feel welcome.
build relationships	يبني علاقات	It takes time to build relationships.
offer encouragement	يقدّم تشجيع	Teachers offer encouragement, not empty praise.
give honest feedback	يدّي رأي صريح	A mentor gives honest feedback.
recover from setbacks	يقوم من العقبات	Resilient people recover from setbacks quickly.
take risks	يجازف / يجرّب	Students who belong take more risks in class.
reach out to	يمد إيده لـ / يتواصل مع	Reach out to someone who sits alone.
respond to a crisis	يستجيب لأزمة	Volunteers responded to the crisis in Minya.
make a donation	يتبرّع	Neighbours made donations of food and blankets.
come together	يتجمعوا / يتكاتفوا	The community came together to help.
a support network	شبكة دعم	The group grew into a support network.

البادئات واللواحق (Prefixes & Suffixes)

A prefix comes at the start of a word and often changes its meaning. A suffix comes at the end and often changes the word class (noun, adjective…).

الـ prefix في أول الكلمة، والـ suffix في آخرها:

الجزء	معناه	أمثلة من الوحدة
un- (prefix)	مش	unseen, unplanned, unkind, unnoticed, unremarkable
in- / im- (prefix)	مش	invisible, impatient, insecure
in- ↔ ex-	جوه ↔ برّه	include / exclude، inclusion / exclusion
self- (prefix)	للنفس	self-confidence, self-esteem
-ness (suffix)	اسم (حالة)	loneliness, kindness, awareness
-ive (suffix)	صفة	transformative, supportive, inclusive, responsive
-ful (suffix)	صفة: مليان بـ	meaningful, powerful, helpful
-ment (suffix)	اسم	encouragement, engagement
-ience / -ient	اسم / صفة	resilience / resilient
-ly (suffix)	ظرف	dramatically, gradually, genuinely

المرادفات والأضداد (Synonyms & Antonyms)

Reviews ask you to give words from a text that could replace given words, or to choose the opposite in meaning.

Word	Synonym (نفس المعنى)	Antonym (العكس)	المعنى
unseen	unnoticed / ignored	noticed / recognised	مش ملحوظ
invisible	unnoticed	visible / recognised	مش مرئي
withdraw	pull back	take part / join in	ينسحب
inclusion	acceptance	exclusion	دمج
overlook	ignore / miss	notice	يتجاهل
urgent	pressing / immediate	unimportant	عاجل
resilient	tough / strong	fragile / weak	قوي
dramatically	greatly / sharply	slightly	بشكل كبير
luxury	extra / treat	necessity / need	رفاهية
genuine	sincere / real	fake / false	حقيقي
structured	organised / planned	unstructured / disorganised	منظم
low-pressure	relaxed / stress-free	stressful	من غير ضغط
isolated	alone / lonely	connected	معزول
gradually	slowly	suddenly	بالتدريج

فقرة بالكلمات الجديدة

اقرا الفقرة دي وركّز على الكلمات اللي بالـ bold. كلها من الوحدة:

When Adam joined a new school in Tanta, he felt like a stranger. He sat alone at break, and slowly he began to withdraw from class activities. He felt unseen, almost invisible, although nobody was unkind to him. His classmates simply overlooked him.

Everything changed when a peer invited him to the school's reading club, almost as an afterthought. That small invitation cracked open a door. The club leader became a mentor who offered encouragement but never empty praise. With her consistency and honest feedback, Adam became more resilient. By the end of the year, he was helping other new students so that no one would feel left out. For Adam, belonging was not a luxury: it was a basic human need.

لاحظ: الفقرة فيها collocations زي offered encouragement وfeel left out، وفيها كلمات بنفس المعنى (unseen / invisible) علشان تتعود عليها في سؤال الـ replace.

أشهر الأخطاء (غلط ← صح)

✗ I feel belong here. ← ✓ I feel a sense of belonging here. / I belong here.
✗ I belong the team. ← ✓ I belong to the team. (belong محتاجة to)
✗ The bench encouraged greater include. ← ✓ The bench encouraged greater inclusion. (بعد صفة = اسم)
✗ empty praise = تشجيع حقيقي ← ✓ empty praise = مدح فاضي مالوش قيمة، والمراجعة بتسأل عليها
✗ lonely (ظرف) ← ✓ lonely صفة رغم إنها آخرها -ly: He felt lonely.
✗ respond the message ← ✓ respond to the message

حيلة سريعة للحفظ وللامتحان

inclusion = جوه المجموعة، exclusion = برّه المجموعة (زي exit = خروج).
اعرف عكس invisible في الامتحان: recognised / visible / noticed (مش isolated ولا ignored).
اربط الكلمة بالنص: afterthought / crack open a door = الطالبة الجديدة، Buddy Bench / low-pressure = 9.3، mutual aid / grassroots = الثريد.

إزاي بييجي في الأسئلة؟

الأسئلة في الكتاب والمراجعات بتيجي بالأشكال دي. هنحل مثال لكل شكل:

1) Which word is the opposite in meaning?

Quiet exclusion can leave a student physically present but socially invisible. Which word is the opposite in meaning to "invisible"?

a. isolated b. ignored c. recognised d. excluded

الإجابة: c. recognised. الاختيارات التانية كلها قريبة من معنى invisible أو exclusion، وده الفخ.

2) Complete the sentence using the correct form of the word in brackets.

The organisers checked every claim to improve the ________ (rely) of the campaign.

الإجابة: reliability. بعد the وقبل of محتاجين اسم.

3) Give words or phrases from the text that could meaningfully replace the meanings in the box.

A new student may feel unseen and begin to withdraw from group activities.

Meanings: (a) not noticed by others (b) stop taking part or pull back

الإجابة: (a) unseen (b) withdraw. هنا السؤال بيدّيك التعريف وانت تطلع الكلمة من القطعة.

تدريب

A. Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d.

1. A supportive mentor can be transformative because she changes how a student sees their abilities. "Transformative" means ________. a. requiring little effort b. causing an important positive change c. staying the same d. hard to recognise
Show answer
b — بيغيّر تغيير كبير للأحسن.
2. A person of the same age or social status as another is called a ________. a. consumer b. mentor c. peer d. organiser
Show answer
c. peer
3. Direct support exchanged among members of a community is known as ________. a. mass production b. mutual aid c. luxury d. exclusion
Show answer
b. mutual aid
4. A sense of belonging often develops gradually. The opposite of "gradually" is ________. a. slowly b. suddenly c. quietly d. carefully
Show answer
b. suddenly — gradually = بالتدريج.
5. After the floods, three friends organised help without waiting for official channels. Their effort was a ________. a. structured programme b. grassroots initiative c. luxury d. setback
Show answer
b. grassroots initiative — مبادرة من الناس العادية.
6. The teacher said, "Well done!" to every answer, even wrong ones. This is an example of ________. a. honest feedback b. empty praise c. civic engagement d. consistency
Show answer
b. empty praise — مدح من غير ما يساعد الطالب يتحسن.
7. Honest feedback helped Mariam recover quickly from her mistakes. She became more ________. a. resilient b. invisible c. urgent d. isolated
Show answer
a. resilient

B. Complete the sentences using the correct form of the word in brackets.

8. The Buddy Bench encouraged greater ________ (include) among students who felt left out.
Show answer
inclusion — بعد الصفة greater اسم (سؤال زي Review E).
9. A teacher's ________ (encourage) can change a student's future.
Show answer
encouragement — بعد 's اسم.
10. Volunteers acted ________ (urgent) when the rain destroyed homes.
Show answer
urgently — بيوصف الفعل acted، ظرف.
11. Many new students suffer from ________ (lonely) in their first weeks.
Show answer
loneliness — بعد from اسم.
12. Social media has ________ (dramatic) changed how communities help each other.
Show answer
dramatically — بين has والتصريف التالت = ظرف.
13. Schools should be ________ (include) places where every student feels welcome.
Show answer
inclusive — قبل الاسم places صفة.

C. Give words or phrases from the text that could meaningfully replace the meanings below.

On his first day, Ziad felt invisible. Classmates were not unkind, but they overlooked him, and he began to pull back from group work. Then a classmate invited him to the football team. That small gesture opened a door to a new friendship. Within a month, Ziad felt accepted and valued as part of the team.

14. not seen or noticed by others, even when present
Show answer
invisible
15. failed to notice someone
Show answer
overlooked
16. stop taking part (a phrasal verb)
Show answer
pull back — نفس معنى withdraw.
17. made something new possible (a phrase)
Show answer
opened a door — زي crack open a door.
18. a sense of belonging
Show answer
felt accepted and valued as part of the team

D. Complete the sentences using words from the box.

luxury – afterthought – low-pressure – mobilise – mentor – setbacks

19. Psychologists describe belonging as a basic need, not a ________.
Show answer
luxury
20. She asked about my old school almost as an ________.
Show answer
afterthought
21. The bench is a ________ way to ask for company: you just sit down.
Show answer
low-pressure
22. Social media helps ordinary people ________ support very quickly.
Show answer
mobilise
23. My ________ guided me and reviewed my work every week.
Show answer
mentor
24. Students who feel they belong recover faster from ________.
Show answer
setbacks

ملخص الدرس في سطرين

كلمات الوحدة بتدور حول: الانتماء (belonging, unseen, withdraw, afterthought)، العلاقات (mentor, peer, resilient, empty praise)، الدمج (inclusion ↔ exclusion, invisible, overlook, low-pressure) والمجتمع (mutual aid, grassroots, mobilise).
احفظ العيلات: include → inclusion → inclusive / encourage → encouragement / rely → reliability → reliable.
عكس invisible = recognised / visible. عكس gradually = suddenly. عكس luxury = necessity.
في سؤال replace السؤال بيدّيك التعريف وانت تطلع الكلمة من القطعة.

كل دروس المنهج

Grammar · القواعد

Vocabulary & Language · الكلمات واللغة

Reading · القراية

Listening · الاستماع

Speaking · الكلام

Writing · الكتابة

Literature · الأدب والقصة