Used to / Would (Past Habits)

تانية بكالوريا English

الدرس ده عن إيه؟

We use used to and would to talk about things that happened again and again in the past but do not happen now. They are useful for describing how a hobby began before it changed into something else.

الدرس ده عن إزاي تتكلم عن عادات قديمة: حاجات كنت بتعملها زمان كتير، ودلوقتي خلاص مبقتش تعملها، أو اتغيرت. في العربي بنقول ببساطة: «كنت بـ…» أو «زمان كنت…».

في الكتاب الدرس ده موجود في Book 2 · Unit 7: Discovering Your Passion، جزء Used to / Would (Past Habits) (صفحة 47)، بعد قصة Mariam اللي هوايتها في عمل الكيك اتحولت لشغل. وبييجي تاني في Consolidation Review D، وفي الـ Presentation Task («I used to…»)، وفي الـ Writing Task بتاع الـ proposal اللي لازم يكون فيه used to أو would مرة على الأقل.

الفكرة ببساطة: «زمان… ودلوقتي»

used to = a past habit or state that is no longer true. We often contrast it with the present simple for now.

تخيل إنك بتحكي عن نفسك: «زمان كنت بلعب كورة كل يوم، دلوقتي بلعب شطرنج». الجزء الأول ده هو used to، والجزء التاني هو present simple (عادة دلوقتي).

• She used to bake for fun. Now she bakes for customers too.زمان كانت بتعمل كيك للمتعة بس، دلوقتي بتعمل للزباين كمان. used to للماضي، وbakes للحاضر.
• I used to draw comics every day after school.كنت برسم كوميكس كل يوم بعد المدرسة (ودلوقتي لأ، أو مش بنفس الشكل).

الكتاب بيدّينا كلمتين:

• used to + فعل في المصدر ← للعادات القديمة (habits) وكمان للحالات القديمة (states) زي: كان عندي، كنت ساكن، كنت بحب.
• would + فعل في المصدر ← للأفعال المتكررة بس (actions). مش للحالات (NOT for states).

القواعد والأشكال

الفرق المهم: Habits (عادات) ولا States (حالات)؟

Habits / actions are things we do (play, bake, draw, visit). States are situations or feelings (be, have, live, like, love, know, believe, own). used to works with both. would works with actions only.

ده أهم سؤال في الدرس. اسأل نفسك: الفعل ده حاجة بتتعمل ولا حالة أو إحساس؟

• When I was ten, I used to be very shy.حالة (be): كنت خجول جدًا. ✗ I would be very shy.
• Omar used to have a small workshop in his bedroom.have هنا بمعنى «يمتلك» (حالة)، فـ would ماتنفعش.
• Every Thursday, Hassan would arrive early to prepare the chess boards.فعل متكرر (arrive) ومعاه كلمة وقت (Every Thursday)، فـ would تمام. وused to كمان صح.
• We used to live near the old pottery workshop.live حالة، فـ used to بس.
• My grandfather would tell us stories about his carpentry work.فعل متكرر (tell): جدي كان بيحكيلنا حكايات.
• Salma used to love painting, but she lost interest during exams.love إحساس (state)، فـ used to مش would.

used to ولا Past Simple؟

Use the past simple for one action, or for actions with an exact number of times or a fixed period. Use used to for repeated habits that have now stopped.

الـ past simple بيتكلم عن حاجة حصلت وخلاص. أما used to فبتركز على إنها كانت عادة ومبقتش موجودة:

ملحوظة: الـ past simple ينفع كمان للعادات القديمة (When I was young, I played football every day). بس used to أوضح في إنها مبقتش بتحصل دلوقتي.

ماتلخبطش: used to ≠ be used to ≠ get used to

used to + verb = past habit. be used to + verb-ing / noun = be familiar with something (it is normal for you). get used to + verb-ing / noun = become familiar with something.

دي من أشهر الفخاخ. الكلمات شبه بعض بس المعنى مختلف تمامًا:

• Mariam used to work at home. Now she is used to working with a large team.زمان كانت بتشتغل في البيت، دلوقتي متعودة على الشغل مع فريق كبير. لاحظ: work في الأول و working في التاني.
• At first, the new volunteers found it hard, but they soon got used to teaching younger students.اتعودوا بسرعة على تعليم الطلبة الأصغر.

أمثلة من موضوعات الوحدة

الأمثلة دي عن موضوعات Unit 7: الهوايات اللي بتكبر، المجتمع اللي بيتبني حوالين هواية، نقل المهارة لغيرك، والتوازن بين الهواية والمذاكرة.

• Mariam used to bake only for her family, but now she takes orders every weekend.زمان كانت بتخبز لعيلتها بس، دلوقتي بتاخد طلبات كل ويك إند.
• Omar used to repair old radios after school.عمر كان بيصلّح راديوهات قديمة بعد المدرسة.
• He would open each radio carefully to see why it had stopped working.كان بيفتح كل راديو بحرص علشان يشوف ليه بطّل يشتغل. فعل متكرر ← would.
• I didn't use to share my photos with anyone. Now I post them online every week.ماكنتش بوري حد صوري، دلوقتي بنزلها أونلاين كل أسبوع.
• Did your father use to play the oud when he was young?باباك كان بيعزف عود وهو صغير؟ Did + use to (من غير d).
• Our chess club used to have only five members.النادي كان فيه 5 أعضاء بس. have هنا حالة، فـ used to مش would.
• Every evening, my grandmother would teach me how to embroider.كل يوم بالليل جدتي كانت بتعلمني التطريز. نقل مهارة (mentoring).
• Karim never used to finish his homework because he spent hours gaming.كريم عمره ماكان بيخلص واجبه علشان كان بيقضي ساعات بيلعب. never used to = didn't use to بس أقوى.
• Students used to think that hobbies were a waste of time.الطلبة كانوا فاكرين إن الهوايات تضييع وقت. think هنا بمعنى «يعتقد» (state) ← used to.
• Now Salma practises for twenty minutes a day instead of six hours once a month.present simple للعادة الجديدة دلوقتي.

إزاي نستخدمه في الكلام والكتابة

In a presentation or a proposal, used to shows the situation before, and the present simple shows the situation now. This makes the change clear to your listener or reader.

في الـ Presentation Task الكتاب بيدّيك جملة «I used to…». وفي الـ proposal لازم تستخدم used to أو would. الفكرة إنك توضح التغيير: كان إيه الوضع قبل وبقى إيه دلوقتي. شوف المثال ده:

Our school used to have no space for students who enjoy fixing things. Broken bicycles and old fans would end up in the rubbish, and nobody would try to repair them. Now, many students are interested in repair skills, so we recommend starting a weekly Repair Club.

لاحظ: used to have (حالة: ماكانش عندنا مكان) ← بعدها would end up / would try (أفعال متكررة) ← بعدها are (دلوقتي) ← وبعدين الـ recommendation.

إزاي بييجي في الأسئلة؟

الأسئلة في الكتاب والمراجعات بتيجي بالأشكال دي. هنحل مثال لكل شكل:

1) Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d.

Karim ______ like reading, but now he reads a novel every month.

a. wouldn't b. didn't use to c. didn't used to d. wasn't use to

الإجابة: b. ليه؟ like حالة (إحساس) فـ wouldn't ماتنفعش. (c) used مع did غلط. (d) wasn't use to مش تركيب صحيح.

2) Only one sentence in each group is grammatically correct.

a. Every summer, my uncle would taking me fishing.

b. Every summer, my uncle would take me fishing.

c. Every summer, my uncle would to take me fishing.

d. Every summer, my uncle would took me fishing.

الإجابة: b. ليه؟ بعد would فعل في المصدر من غير to ومن غير -ing ومن غير تصريف تاني.

3) Read the passage and find the mistakes, then correct them.

As a child, Nadia use to collect old coins. She would has a small box for them.

الإجابة: use to ← used to (إثبات، لازم d). would has ← used to have (have هنا ملكية/حالة، وبعد would مايجيش has أصلاً).

تدريب

A. Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d.

1. 1. My grandmother ______ cook pasta. She only made traditional Egyptian dishes. a. didn't use to b. don't use to c. wasn't use to d. didn't used to

   Show answer

   a. didn't use to — نفي: didn't + use to (من غير d) + cook.

2. 2. When I was in primary school, I ______ very shy. a. would be b. used to be c. am used to being d. use to be

   Show answer

   b. used to be — be حالة، فـ would ماتنفعش. و(d) ناقصها d.

3. 3. Every Friday, my grandfather ______ me to the carpentry workshop. a. would take b. would took c. would taking d. would to take

   Show answer

   a. would take — would + مصدر، وفيه Every Friday (فعل متكرر).

4. 4. ______ you use to play an instrument? a. Were b. Do c. Did d. Have

   Show answer

   c. Did — سؤال used to بيبدأ بـ Did.

5. 5. Omar used to repair radios for free. Now he ______ money for his repairs. a. used to charge b. charges c. would charge d. is used to charge

   Show answer

   b. charges — Now ← present simple للعادة الحالية.

6. 6. Our art club ______ only six members, but now it has thirty. a. would have b. used to have c. use to have d. was used to have

   Show answer

   b. used to have — have = يمتلك (حالة)، فـ would غلط.

7. 7. Salma is a nurse now, so she is used to ______ at night. a. work b. worked c. working d. works

   Show answer

   c. working — be used to + -ing = متعودة.

8. 8. I ______ the coding club three times last month. a. used to visit b. would visit c. visited d. use to visit

   Show answer

   c. visited — عدد مرات محدد (three times) ← past simple.

B. Only one sentence in each group is grammatically correct. Choose the correct answer.

1. 9. a. Hassan use to arrive early at the chess club. b. Hassan used to arrive early at the chess club. c. Hassan uses to arrive early at the chess club. d. Hassan did used to arrive early at the chess club.

   Show answer

   b — إثبات: used to + مصدر. (a) ناقصها d، (c) مفيش uses to، (d) did used غلط.

2. 10. a. Did Nour used to volunteer at the library? b. Did Nour use to volunteer at the library? c. Used Nour to volunteer at the library? d. Does Nour used to volunteer at the library?

   Show answer

   b — Did + use to (من غير d).

3. 11. a. As a child, I would know the names of all the football players. b. As a child, I used to knew the names of all the football players. c. As a child, I used to know the names of all the football players. d. As a child, I was used to know the names of all the football players.

   Show answer

   c — know حالة ← used to + مصدر (know).

4. 12. a. My sister would spending hours sewing dresses for her dolls. b. My sister would spends hours sewing dresses for her dolls. c. My sister would to spend hours sewing dresses for her dolls. d. My sister would spend hours sewing dresses for her dolls.

   Show answer

   d — would + مصدر (spend). وsewing هنا عادي لأنه بعد spend hours.

C. Fill in the gaps with used to, would, or the present simple. Use the verbs in brackets.

When Youssef was twelve, he (13) ______ (spend) every afternoon taking photos of birds with his father's old phone. Every weekend, he (14) ______ (walk) along the Nile to find new birds. He (15) ______ (not / think) that photography could be a career. Now he (16) ______ (sell) his photos to a nature magazine, and he (17) ______ (teach) a photography workshop for children every month.

1. 13. he ______ (spend)

   Show answer

   used to spend — عادة قديمة، وأول جملة في الحكاية فنبدأ بـ used to. (would spend كمان مقبولة لأن فيه سياق When he was twelve.)

2. 14. he ______ (walk)

   Show answer

   would walk (أو used to walk) — فعل متكرر (Every weekend) بعد ما الحكاية بدأت.

3. 15. he ______ (not / think)

   Show answer

   didn't use to think — think هنا بمعنى يعتقد (حالة) ونفي ← didn't use to.

4. 16. he ______ (sell)

   Show answer

   sells — Now ← present simple، وhe مفرد فنزود s.

5. 17. he ______ (teach)

   Show answer

   teaches — عادة حالية (every month) ← present simple، teach ← teaches.

D. Find the mistake in each sentence and correct it.

1. 18. When we were children, my brother and I use to fly kites on the roof.

   Show answer

   use to ← used to: … my brother and I used to fly kites … — في الإثبات لازم d.

2. 19. Every winter, my aunt would knitting scarves for the whole family.

   Show answer

   would knitting ← would knit — بعد would المصدر.

3. 20. We didn't used to have a computer at home.

   Show answer

   didn't used to ← didn't use to: We didn't use to have a computer at home. — مع did بتتشال الـ d.

4. 21. My cousin would live in Alexandria before he moved to Cairo.

   Show answer

   would live ← used to live — live حالة، فـ would ماتنفعش.

E. Rewrite or write as asked.

1. 22. Rewrite using used to: When she was young, Hana played basketball every day, but she doesn't play now.

   Show answer

   Hana used to play basketball every day. — used to بتوضح إنها كانت عادة ومبقتش.

2. 23. Rewrite in the negative: Ahmed used to enjoy science lessons.

   Show answer

   Ahmed didn't use to enjoy science lessons. — didn't + use to (من غير d) + enjoy.

3. 24. Write a question with used to about a hobby.

   Show answer

   مثال: Did you use to collect stamps when you were a child? — Did + فاعل + use to + مصدر.

4. 25. Write 3 sentences comparing a hobby in the past and now. Use used to, would and the present simple.

   Show answer

   مثال: I used to play video games for hours every night. On school days, I would go to bed very late and feel tired the next morning. Now I play for only one hour at the weekend and spend my free time learning photography. — used to للبداية، would للفعل المتكرر، present simple لدلوقتي.