AAAbdelkriem AcademyEducate Me Up

Checkpoint 6 · Paper 1 writing (non-fiction)

Persuasive Writing — Writing Pack

How to persuade the reader to act for full marks in Paper 1: persuasive techniques, the PEEL paragraph, letter and speech layouts, calls to action and two strong samples.

British & IGCSE › Checkpoint 6 English (Cambridge Primary 0058)

Persuasive writing tries to convince the reader to think something, believe something or, most of all, do something: approve a plan, join a club, give money to a charity, change a rule. Opinion writing wants the reader to understand and agree. Persuasive writing pushes further and wants the reader to act. In this pack you will learn the persuasive techniques, the PEEL paragraph and how to finish with a powerful call to action.

Where it appears in the exam
  • Paper 1 Non-fiction, Section B Writing (25 marks, about 30 minutes suggested in a 1-hour paper).
  • A persuasive letter is one of the non-fiction tasks that can be set, and persuasion is also used in adverts and leaflets (see the leaflet pack).
  • Possible situations: write to your head teacher to ask for a change at school, write to the local council about a problem in your area, write a speech to persuade your class to join an event.
  • Look for the clue words: persuade, convince, encourage, ask… to…, campaign.

1. What is persuasive writing?

QuestionAnswer for persuasive writing
PurposeTo persuade the reader to agree and to take action.
AudienceA named person or group: the head teacher, parents, the local council, your classmates. Always think: what does this reader care about?
ToneFormal for an adult in authority (head teacher, council). Friendly but still polite for classmates. Confident, never rude.
Person and tenseFirst person (I, we) for the writer, second person (you) to speak to the reader. Present tense for the problem, future and conditional forms for results: This will… If we…, we would…
Common formatsLetter · email · speech · article · advert or leaflet.
FormatHow it startsHow it ends
Formal letter / email to an adultDear Mrs [surname], / Dear Sir or Madam,Yours sincerely, (if you know the name) / Yours faithfully, (if you do not) + your full name
SpeechGood morning, everyone. / Dear classmates, … — speak directly to the listenersThank you for listening.
ArticleA persuasive title, then paragraphs (subheadings are possible)A call to action for the readers

How your writing is marked (25 marks)

CategoryMarksWhat a top answer needs in persuasive writing
Creation of texts5A clear aim from the start, convincing reasons that suit the reader, a counter-argument answered, a strong call to action. All task bullets are covered.
Vocabulary and language3Powerful, emotive and precise words (vital, dangerous, transform) and a range of persuasive techniques used for effect.
Structure of texts7Correct format (letter, speech…), introduction with your aim, PEEL paragraphs in a sensible order (strongest point last or first), linking words, conclusion with a call to action.
Grammar and punctuation7Varied sentences: short sentences for impact, complex sentences with if, because and although. Questions and exclamations punctuated correctly.
Word structure (spelling)3Ambitious words spelt correctly, e.g. sincerely, definitely, environment, temperature, unfortunately.
Marking rules you must know
  • 20 words or fewer scores 0. Between 21 and 60 words can score no more than 7 marks altogether.
  • If the task asks for a letter and you write a story or a diary, Creation can be capped at 1 and Structure at 3 (or 2).
  • A persuasive letter to a head teacher that sounds rude or demanding loses marks for Creation (tone and audience).

2. Features and persuasive techniques

TechniqueWhat it doesExample
Clear aim / stanceThe reader knows from the start what you wantI am writing to ask you to plant trees in our playground.
Rhetorical questionMakes the reader think, and the answer seems obviousWho wants to play in a playground that feels like an oven?
Emotive languageMakes the reader feel worried, sad, proud or excitedExhausted, thirsty children sit on the burning steps.
Direct addressSpeaks to the reader, makes it personalYou, as our head teacher, care about our health.
Inclusive languageMakes the reader feel part of the teamTogether, we can make our school greener.
Rule of threeThree ideas in a row stick in the mindcooler, safer and happier
Facts and statisticsMake your point sound trueIn June, the playground reached 42 degrees.
Expert opinionShows that someone who knows agreesOur school nurse says that most of her summer visits are caused by the heat.
Anecdote (short real-life story)Makes the problem realLast week, my friend Ziad felt dizzy after football.
RepetitionHammers home the key ideaIt is time to act. It is time to plant. It is time to care.
Counter-argument + answerShows you have thought about the other side, then proves your view is strongerSome may say trees are expensive. However, a local nursery has offered to donate them.
Exaggeration (hyperbole)Makes a problem sound bigger (use carefully)The playground is a desert by eleven o'clock.
Call to actionTells the reader exactly what to doPlease discuss this at the next staff meeting.
Short sentencesAdd impact after a long sentenceSomething must change.
Why does the writer use a rhetorical question? (Reading and writing)
  • To make the reader think about the issue.
  • To involve the reader and make them feel part of the conversation.
  • To suggest the answer is obvious, so the reader agrees with the writer.
  • To emphasise the problem and make it feel urgent.
  • To make the reader feel guilty or worried if nothing is done.
  • To grab attention, especially at the start or end of a paragraph.

3. How to structure persuasive writing

ParagraphWhat to writeExample ideas (letter about trees)
LayoutLetter: your address (optional), date, Dear… / Speech: greeting the audienceDear Mrs Shawky,
1. IntroductionHook + background (the problem) + your aim (what you want the reader to do)I am writing on behalf of Year 6 to ask you to plant shade trees in the playground.
2. Point 1 (PEEL)Your first strong reasonHealth and safety: the heat makes pupils ill.
3. Point 2 (PEEL)A second reasonLearning: hot, tired pupils cannot concentrate.
4. Point 3 (PEEL) — often the strongestA third reason, or the reason the reader cares about mostThe environment and the school's reputation.
5. Counter-argumentWhat someone might object to + why your idea still worksCost: a nursery will donate trees, and parents will help.
6. Conclusion + call to actionSum up, restate your aim in new words, tell the reader exactly what to doPlease let us start in time for next summer.
Sign-offLetter: Yours sincerely, + full name / Speech: Thank you for listening.Yours sincerely, Yassin Ibrahim (Year 6 Class Representative)
PEEL: the method for every body paragraph
  • P — Point: your reason in one clear topic sentence.
  • E — Evidence: a fact, a number, an expert's view or a short real example.
  • E — Explain: show how the evidence proves your point, and why it matters to this reader (This means that… As a result…). Add a persuasive technique here: a rhetorical question, emotive words or the rule of three.
  • L — Link: link back to your aim, or lead into the next paragraph (This is why… That is not the only reason…).

PEEL example: *Firstly, shade trees would protect our health.* (Point) *Last June, the temperature in the playground reached 42 degrees, and our school nurse treated eleven pupils for headaches in one week.* (Evidence) *This shows that the heat is not just uncomfortable but dangerous. How can we enjoy break time when we are worried about fainting?* (Explain + rhetorical question) *This is why trees are not a luxury but a necessity.* (Link)

How to start: openings you can adapt

  • Polite and direct (letter): I am writing to ask you to consider an idea that would make a huge difference to every pupil in our school.
  • A rhetorical question: Have you ever tried to play football at noon in July, with no shade at all?
  • Imagine…: Imagine a playground full of green trees, cool shade and happy, healthy children.
  • A shocking fact: Every day, our school throws away more than two hundred plastic bottles.
  • For a speech: Good morning, everyone. I want to ask you one simple question: what would you do to help a child who cannot afford a single book?

How to end: calls to action you can adapt

  • Polite request (letter): I hope that you will discuss this proposal at the next staff meeting. I would be delighted to help in any way I can.
  • Urgent: The summer is only a few months away. Please act now, before another child falls ill.
  • Together: Together, we can make our school cooler, greener and happier. Will you help us?
  • Repetition (speech): Bring one book. Bring one smile. Bring one reason for a child to read.
  • A picture of the future: Just imagine how proud we will all feel when the first trees give us shade.

4. Useful phrases and vocabulary

Stating your aim

  • I am writing to ask / suggest / propose…
  • I would like to persuade you to…
  • I strongly believe that we should…
  • The time has come to…

Making points

  • Firstly, … / Secondly, … / Most importantly, …
  • One of the main reasons is…
  • Not only would…, but it would also…
  • Without doubt, …

Evidence

  • Research shows that…
  • According to [expert], …
  • For example, last week…
  • Did you know that…?

Explaining

  • This means that…
  • As a result, …
  • This shows that…
  • If we…, then…

Counter-argument

  • Some people may argue that… However, …
  • Although…, …
  • It is true that…, but…
  • You may be worried that…, yet…

Call to action

  • Please…
  • I urge you to…
  • Together, we can…
  • Act now and…
  • I hope you will agree that…
Word / phraseMeaning / use
persuademake someone agree or do something by giving reasons
propose / proposalsuggest a plan / the plan you suggest
urgentneeding action immediately
essentialcompletely necessary
vitalextremely important
benefita good result or advantage
dangerouscould cause harm
transformchange completely, usually for the better
unfortunatelysadly (used to introduce a problem)
definitelycertainly, without doubt
donategive something to help others
responsibilitya duty to look after something or someone
supporthelp, or agree with an idea
urgestrongly ask someone to do something
sincerelyhonestly (used in the letter ending Yours sincerely)

5. Strong sample answers

Sample 1 — Persuasive letter to the head teacher265 words · Strong answer — Creation 5/5 · Vocabulary 3/3 · Structure 7/7 · Grammar & punctuation 7/7 · Spelling 3/3
Task: Your playground has no shade, and pupils find break times very hot. Write a letter to your head teacher to persuade her to plant trees in the playground. In your letter you should: • explain the problem • give reasons why trees would help • answer any worries she might have.

Dear Mrs Shawky,

Have you ever tried to play football at noon in June with no shade at all? On behalf of Year 6, I am writing to ask you to plant shade trees in our playground, because I believe they would make our school safer, healthier and happier.

Firstly, trees would protect our health. Last June, the temperature in the playground reached 42 degrees, and our school nurse treated eleven pupils for headaches in a single week. This shows that the heat is not just uncomfortable but dangerous. How can we enjoy break time when we are worried about feeling dizzy? This is why trees are not a luxury but a necessity.

Secondly, shade would help us learn. After a hot break, many pupils return to class exhausted and thirsty, and our teachers spend precious minutes calming us down. If we could rest under cool trees, we would come back ready to concentrate. Surely that is what every school wants?

Most importantly, trees would teach us to care for the environment. Each class could look after its own tree, water it and record how it grows. Pupils would feel proud and responsible, and visitors would see a green, welcoming school.

You may be worried about the cost. However, a plant nursery near our school has offered to donate ten young trees, and several parents have promised to help with planting.

Please discuss this proposal at the next staff meeting. With your support, we can transform a burning yard into a cool, green garden before next summer.

Yours sincerely,

Yassin Ibrahim

Year 6 Class Representative

Why this gets the marks
  • Creation 5/5: every bullet is covered: the problem (paragraphs 1–2), reasons (paragraphs 2–4), her worries answered (paragraph 5). The tone is polite and confident, right for a head teacher, and the aim is clear in the first paragraph.
  • Vocabulary 3/3: precise and emotive words (exhausted, precious, dangerous, necessity, transform, burning yard) and many techniques: rhetorical questions, rule of three (safer, healthier and happier), statistics (42 degrees, eleven pupils), expert evidence (the school nurse), a counter-argument, and a call to action.
  • Structure 7/7: correct formal letter layout (Dear Mrs Shawky, … Yours sincerely, + full name). Introduction with hook, problem and aim. Three PEEL paragraphs in a clear order with linking words (Firstly, Secondly, Most importantly). A counter-argument paragraph. A conclusion with a clear call to action.
  • Grammar & punctuation 7/7: conditional sentences (If we could rest…, we would…), complex sentences with because, when and after, 'not just… but…' and 'not a luxury but a necessity' for contrast, question marks used correctly, commas in lists and after openers.
  • Spelling 3/3: temperature, exhausted, precious, concentrate, environment, responsible, sincerely, representative — all correct.
Sample 2 — Persuasive speech to classmates268 words · Strong answer — Creation 5/5 · Vocabulary 3/3 · Structure 7/7 · Grammar & punctuation 7/7 · Spelling 3/3
Task: Your school is collecting books for a village library that has very few books. Write a speech to persuade the pupils in your year group to donate books.

Good morning, everyone.

Imagine walking into a library and finding only twenty books on the shelves. That is the reality for the children of a small village near Minya. Today, I want to persuade you to give one of your books to their new library.

Firstly, books open doors. Every story we read teaches us new words, new places and new ideas. Our teachers always tell us that reading every day makes us better writers. Now think of children who want to read but cannot find a single new story. Is that fair? We can change that with something we already have.

Secondly, donating is easy. Look at your shelves at home. I am sure you will find a book that you have read three or four times, or one that you have outgrown. Instead of collecting dust in your bedroom, that book could become someone's favourite. It costs you nothing, yet it could mean everything to another child.

Some of you may say, 'But I love all my books!' I understand. I love mine too. However, sharing a book does not mean losing it. It means passing on the joy that it gave you. Just imagine a girl in Minya laughing at the same funny page that once made you laugh.

Our goal is five hundred books by the end of this month. The collection box is next to the school library, and every class that donates will see its name on the village library's thank-you wall.

So please, bring one book. Bring one smile. Bring one reason for a child to read.

Thank you for listening.

Why this gets the marks
  • Creation 5/5: the aim (donate books) is clear in paragraph 2, the reasons suit an audience of classmates, a likely objection is answered kindly, and the speech ends with practical details and a call to action. The friendly but serious tone suits pupils.
  • Vocabulary 3/3: emotive and vivid language (books open doors, collecting dust, the joy that it gave you) and techniques: 'Imagine…', rhetorical question (Is that fair?), direct address (you), contrast (It costs you nothing, yet it could mean everything), repetition with the rule of three in the final line.
  • Structure 7/7: speech format (greeting, Thank you for listening.). Introduction with hook and aim. Two PEEL paragraphs with Firstly and Secondly. A counter-argument paragraph. A paragraph with the goal and practical details. A short, powerful final call to action.
  • Grammar & punctuation 7/7: a range of sentence types including commands (Look at your shelves), questions and a statement for impact. Inverted commas used for a quotation (the objection). Commas after openers. Accurate present and future forms.
  • Spelling 3/3: persuade, donating, outgrown, favourite, collection, reality — all correct, with British spelling (favourite).

Timing plan for Section B (about 30 minutes)

MinutesWhat to do
0–4Read the task twice. Underline the format (letter, speech), the reader, what you want them to do and every bullet.
4–6Plan: aim · 3 PEEL points (one piece of evidence each) · 1 counter-argument · call to action. Choose 4 techniques you will use.
6–26Aim for about 250–350 words. Get the layout right first (Dear… / Good morning, everyone.).
26–30Check: is the aim clear? polite tone? call to action? question marks? Yours sincerely/faithfully correct? spelling?

6. Common mistakes

MistakeWhy it costs marksFix
No clear aim until the endThe reader does not know what you wantSay what you want in the first paragraph
Rude or demanding tone: 'You must do this now!'Wrong tone for the audiencePolite and firm: 'I hope you will consider…', 'I urge you to…'
A list of reasons with no evidencePoints are not developedUse PEEL: every point needs evidence and an explanation
Only emotional words, no factsLess convincingMix feelings with facts, numbers and expert opinions
No call to actionThe purpose is not achievedEnd by telling the reader exactly what to do
Wrong letter layout (no 'Dear…', 'From…' as a sign-off, or Yours sincerely without your name)Loses Structure marksDear Mrs [surname], … Yours sincerely, + your full name
Too many techniques crammed into one sentenceSounds unnaturalUse each technique where it fits best
Forgetting the other sideThe argument is weakerAdd one short counter-argument and answer it
Checklist before you finish
  • The correct layout for the format (letter or speech).
  • My aim is clear in the first paragraph.
  • Three PEEL paragraphs with linking words (Firstly, Secondly, Most importantly).
  • At least four persuasive techniques (rhetorical question, emotive language, rule of three, statistic, expert, direct address).
  • One counter-argument answered.
  • A clear call to action at the end.
  • Polite tone that suits the reader.
  • Spelling, question marks and the sign-off checked.
كيف تقنع القارئ وتحصل على الدرجة كاملة؟
  • قل ما تريده من الفقرة الأولى (I am writing to ask you to…)، فيجب أن يعرف القارئ طلبك من البداية.
  • اكتب كل فقرة بطريقة PEEL: النقطة (Point) ← دليل أو رقم أو رأي خبير (Evidence) ← اشرح لماذا يهم ذلك القارئ (Explain) ← اربط بطلبك (Link).
  • استخدم أدوات الإقناع: السؤال البلاغي، والكلمات المؤثرة، و rule of three، والأرقام. وردّ على اعتراض واحد، واختم بطلب واضح (call to action).
  • إذا كنت تكتب إلى مدير المدرسة فكن مهذبًا ولا تستخدم أسلوب الأمر. وفي النهاية اكتب Yours sincerely, وتحتها اسمك الكامل.

Practice tasks

  1. Write a letter to your local council to persuade them to build a safe cycle path near your school. (Plan only.)

    Show answer
    Layout: Dear Sir or Madam, … Yours faithfully, + full name (you do not know the name). P1: hook (rhetorical question about cycling on busy roads) + problem + aim. P2 PEEL safety: cars drive fast, a near accident last month (anecdote). P3 PEEL health: more pupils would cycle and exercise. P4 PEEL environment: fewer cars, cleaner air, less traffic outside school. P5 counter-argument: cost or space. Answer: a quiet side road could be used, and families would use it every day. P6 call to action: please visit the area and include the path in next year's plans.
  2. Name the persuasive technique in each: (a) 'Nine out of ten pupils said they feel too hot at break.' (b) 'Together, we can make a difference.' (c) 'Do we really want our children to suffer?' (d) 'quick, cheap and easy'

    Show answer
    (a) statistics / facts. (b) inclusive language (together, we). (c) rhetorical question with emotive language. (d) rule of three.
  3. Write a PEEL paragraph for the aim 'Our school should have a weekly reading hour.'

    Show answer
    Example: 'Firstly, a reading hour would improve our English. (P) Our teacher told us that pupils who read for twenty minutes a day meet thousands of new words every year. (E) This means that a weekly reading hour would make us stronger writers and help us in every subject. Who would say no to better results? (E) That is why reading time deserves a place on our timetable. (L)'
  4. Make this demand polite and persuasive: 'Give us a longer break. We want it now.'

    Show answer
    Example: 'I am writing to ask you to consider making our break ten minutes longer. I truly believe this small change would help us return to lessons calmer and more focused.'
  5. Write a counter-argument and answer it for the aim 'Our school should start a recycling club.'

    Show answer
    Example: 'Some people may argue that a recycling club would take too much of the teachers' time. However, Year 6 pupils have offered to run it themselves at lunchtime, so teachers would only need to check on it once a week.'
  6. Which ending is a call to action? (a) 'That is all I wanted to say.' (b) 'Please sign our petition at the school office before Friday.'

    Show answer
    (b), because it tells the reader exactly what to do and when. (a) just stops the writing and does not persuade anyone.
  7. Why might a writer use the rule of three in the final line of a speech, e.g. 'Bring one book. Bring one smile. Bring one reason for a child to read.'? Give all the possible effects.

    Show answer
    To make the message memorable and easy to repeat. To create rhythm, which sounds powerful when spoken aloud. To emphasise the key action (bring). To build up to the most important idea in the last part. To leave the audience with a strong, emotional final picture that encourages them to act.
All pages in this course

Start here: the exam

Reading: grammar & punctuation

Reading: understanding texts

Paper 1 writing: non-fiction

Paper 2 writing: fiction