English Course · Level 2 (A2) · Week 11 of 12

People and Places

Grammar: Relative clauses · who / which / that / where

This week's plan

Day	Learn	Listen / Watch	Practise
Day 1	Words: Character · Sentences 1–2	engVid (Benjamin): “Improve Your Vocabulary: 25 English adjectives to describe people” (video)	Exercise 1
Day 2	Words: Appearance · Sentences 3–4	BBC 6 Minute Grammar: “Defining relative clauses” (podcast)	Exercise 2
Day 3	Words: Places to visit · Sentences 5–6	British Council: “Who's who in the office” (listening)	Exercise 3
Day 4	Words: Describing places · Sentences 7–8	Learn English with Bob the Canadian: “How to Describe Places in English!” (podcast) + British Council: “Professional profile summaries” (reading)	Exercise 4
Day 5	Words: Relative words · Sentences 9–10	British Council: “A personal profile” (writing)	Write & Speak
Day 6	Review all 30 words + 10 sentences	British Council: “Choosing a conference venue” (reading)	Redo mistakes
Day 7	Free day ☺	BBC 6 Minute English: “What makes a great library?” (podcast)	Tick your tracker

30 minutes a day: review, learn, listen, practise, speak. Day 7 is a free day. Tap a resource to find it.

30 words to learn

Set 1 · Character

generousكريم
selfishأناني
politeمؤدب
rudeوقح / قليل الذوق
reliableيُعتمد عليه
talentedموهوب

Set 2 · Appearance

slimنحيف / رشيق
overweightزائد الوزن
baldأصلع
in his twentiesفي العشرينات من عمره
good-lookingوسيم / جميل الشكل
well-dressedأنيق / لبسه شيك

Set 3 · Places to visit

monumentأثر / نُصب تذكاري
palaceقصر
citadelقلعة
oasisواحة
coastساحل
landmarkمعلم بارز

Set 4 · Describing places

famous forمشهور بـ
locatedيقع (في مكان)
ancientقديم / أثري
popular withمحبوب عند / مشهور بين
worth visitingيستحق الزيارة
full ofمليء بـ

Set 5 · Relative words

whoالذي / التي (للأشخاص)
whichالذي / التي (للأشياء)
thatالذي / التي (للأشخاص والأشياء)
whereحيث / المكان الذي
someone whoشخص …
a place whereمكان …

10 sentences to memorise

1My uncle is a generous man who always helps his neighbours.عمي رجل كريم يساعد جيرانه دائمًا.
2I don't like people who are rude to waiters.لا أحب الأشخاص الذين يعاملون النُّدُل / الجرسونات بوقاحة.
3The man who lives next door is in his forties.الرجل الذي يسكن بجوارنا في الأربعينات من عمره.
4Nour is the most reliable person that I know.نور أكثر شخص أعرفه يمكن الاعتماد عليه.
5The Citadel is a landmark which is famous for its views of Cairo.القلعة معلم بارز مشهور بإطلالاته على القاهرة.
6Siwa is an oasis which is located in the Western Desert.سيوة واحة تقع في الصحراء الغربية.
7This is the restaurant where we had our first dinner together.هذا هو المطعم الذي تناولنا فيه أول عشاء معًا.
8Aswan is a city where you can relax by the Nile.أسوان مدينة يمكنك فيها الاسترخاء بجانب النيل.
9Abu Simbel is really worth visiting.معبد أبو سمبل يستحق الزيارة حقًا.
10The book that you gave me is very interesting.الكتاب الذي أعطيتني إياه ممتع جدًا.

Grammar: Relative clauses · who / which / that / where

Relative clauses give more information about a noun.

who / that = people · which / that = things · where = places

The woman who works with me … · The phone which / that I bought … · The café where we met …

في العربية نكرر الضمير بعد «الذي»: «الكتاب الذي قرأتُه» (الهاء)، فيقول المتعلم The book which I read it ✗. في الإنجليزية لا نكرر الضمير: The book which I read. وأيضًا: لا تستخدم which مع الأشخاص (the man which ✗)، واستخدم where للأماكن عندما يأتي بعدها فاعل وفعل: the city where I was born.

Word	For	Example
who	people	She's the doctor who helped my father.
which	things / animals	It's a phone which takes great photos.
that	people or things	The man that I met … / The film that we saw …
where	places	That's the school where I studied.

When who / which / that is the object, you can leave it out: The film (that) we saw was great. But not when it is the subject: The man who lives here … (NOT The man lives here …).

Don't repeat the pronoun or the place: The village where I grew up (NOT where I grew up there).

Exercises

Exercise 1 · Complete with who, which or where.

1) A chef is a person ___ cooks in a restaurant.
2) This is the camera ___ I bought in Dubai.
3) Luxor is the city ___ you can see Karnak Temple.
4) I lost the ring ___ my mother gave me.
5) Do you know the man ___ is talking to Omar?
6) The hotel ___ we stayed was near the beach.

Show the answers

1) who (or that) 2) which (or that) 3) where 4) which (or that) 5) who (or that) 6) where

Exercise 2 · Join the sentences with who, which or where.

1) I have a friend. She speaks four languages.
2) This is the house. I grew up there.
3) We visited a palace. It has four hundred rooms.
4) That's the man. He fixed my car.
5) Dahab is a town. You can go diving there.

Show the answers

1) I have a friend who (that) speaks four languages. 2) This is the house where I grew up. (or: … the house (that) I grew up in.) 3) We visited a palace which (that) has four hundred rooms. 4) That's the man who (that) fixed my car. 5) Dahab is a town where you can go diving.

Exercise 3 · Correct the mistake.

1) The man which lives upstairs is very polite.
2) This is the phone that I bought it yesterday.
3) Alexandria is the city which I was born.
4) I know a woman who she is a pilot.
5) The village where my grandparents live there is small.

Show the answers

1) The man who lives upstairs is very polite. 2) This is the phone that I bought yesterday. 3) Alexandria is the city where I was born. 4) I know a woman who is a pilot. 5) The village where my grandparents live is small.

Exercise 4 · Translate into English.

1) أحمد هو الشخص الذي ساعدني.
2) هذا هو المقهى الذي نلتقي فيه كل يوم جمعة.
3) هل شاهدت الفيلم الذي أخبرتك عنه؟
4) الأقصر مدينة مشهورة بمعابدها القديمة.

Show the answers

1) Ahmed is the person who helped me. 2) This is the café where we meet every Friday. 3) Have you seen the film (that) I told you about? 4) Luxor is a city which (that) is famous for its ancient temples. (or: Luxor is a city famous for …)

Do each exercise in pencil first, then open the answers to check.

Write & Speak

Write & Speak — “A person and a place I love”: write 80–100 words about a special person in your life and a place that is special to you. Use who, which, that and where at least four times. Then describe the person and the place to a friend without reading.

Example: The person who means the most to me is my grandmother, Fatma. She's a generous, patient woman who always has time for her grandchildren. She lives in a small village near Tanta, where she has a garden full of fruit trees. When I was a child, I spent every summer in that village. There is an old house which belongs to our family, and a little mosque where my grandfather prayed every day. The village isn't famous, but for me it is the most beautiful place in Egypt. It's the place where I feel really happy.